颗粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSFs）的使用可能导致诊断上的挑战，因为造血细胞发生了形态学改变。我们遇到了一个患者，在短时间使用G-CSF后出现了独特的临床和形态学表现。通过回顾相关文献，我们分析了患者的临床信息和骨髓标本形态学检查结果以及核型分析的结果。患者的白细胞计数对G-CSF无反应，并且骨髓纤维化和巨核细胞增生伴随着髓母细胞的增加。单体染色体7的细胞遗传学异常确认了存在恶性克隆体。我们得出结论，当遇到这样的临床表现时，应进行骨髓研究，包括细胞遗传学分析，并考虑血液系统恶性肿瘤的可能性。

Administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors G-SCFs can cause diagnostic challenges because of morphologic alteration of hematopoietic cells.We experienced a patient who showed distinctive clinical and morphologic findings after short time use of G-CSF. The clinical information and examination results of the morphology of bone marrow (BM) specimen and karyotype were analyzed by reviewing relevant literature.White blood cell (WBC) counts of the patient were unresponsive to G-CSF and marrow fibrosis and megakaryocytic hyperplasia were accompanied with increase of blasts in BM. Presence of malignant clones was confirmed by cytogenetic aberrations of monosomy 7.We concluded, BM study including cytogenetic analysis should be performed when such clinical findings are encountered and the possibility of hematologic malignancy should be considered.