异常的血管生成代表着恶性肿瘤最显著的表现之一。在病理和结构上异常的肿瘤血管有利于恶性肿瘤微环境的形成，为癌细胞提供了唯一的理想庇护所。血管调节药物的出现引入了一类独特的治疗药物，能够影响营养供应和药物传递效果，而不需要穿过一系列的物理屏障到达肿瘤细胞。纳米医药进一步发展了针对肿瘤血管的更精确的调节，能够共同传递多种活性药物成分，从而降低系统毒性，增强自由药物的治疗效果。此外，精确的结构设计使特定的功能基序（如表面靶向配体、可降解的外壳、可降解的骨架或刺激响应组分）能够集成到纳米医药中，从而提高组织特异性的积累，增强组织穿透能力，并实现所装载载荷的受控和刺激触发释放。本综述描述了肿瘤血管的形态和功能特点，总结了常用于纳米医药设计的关键分子靶标，然后重点介绍了最近利用纳米技术精确调节肿瘤血管的前沿进展。最后，讨论了该领域的挑战和未来方向。版权所有 © 2023. Elsevier B.V. 发布。

Abnormal angiogenesis stands for one of the most striking manifestations of malignant tumor. The pathologically and structurally abnormal tumor vasculature facilitates a hostile tumor microenvironment, providing an ideal refuge exclusively for cancer cells. The emergence of vascular regulation drugs has introduced a distinctive class of therapeutics capable of influencing nutrition supply and drug delivery efficacy without the need to penetrate a series of physical barriers to reach tumor cells. Nanomedicines have been further developed for more precise regulation of tumor vasculature with the capacity of co-delivering multiple active pharmaceutical ingredients, which overall reduces the systemic toxicity and boosts the therapeutic efficacy of free drugs. Additionally, precise structure design enables the integration of specific functional motifs, such as surface-targeting ligands, droppable shells, degradable framework, or stimuli-responsive components into nanomedicines, which can improve tissue-specific accumulation, enhance tissue penetration, and realize the controlled and stimulus-triggered release of the loaded cargo. This review describes the morphological and functional characteristics of tumor blood vessels and summarizes the pivotal molecular targets commonly used in nanomedicine design, and then highlights the recent cutting-edge advancements utilizing nanotechnologies for precise regulation of tumor vasculature. Finally, the challenges and future directions of this field are discussed.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.