胶质瘤在独特而复杂的环境中发展，为肿瘤细胞提供养分。胶质瘤的肿瘤微环境（TME）包括多种异质性细胞，包括脑部细胞、免疫细胞和血管细胞。这些细胞之间的相互作用参与了TME的演变过程。此外，针对TME的治疗策略的研究正从基础研究阶段逐渐过渡到临床研究。小鼠模型是解剖TME演化过程的不可或缺的工具。在本综述中，我们总结了TME的矛盾作用，以及小鼠模型在TME研究中的最新进展。最后，我们总结了TME靶向治疗策略的最新进展。©作者。

Gliomas develop in unique and complicated environments that nourish tumor cells. The tumor microenvironment (TME) of gliomas comprises heterogeneous cells, including brain-resident cells, immune cells, and vascular cells. Reciprocal interactions among these cells are involved in the evolution of the TME. Moreover, the study of attractive therapeutic strategies that target the TME is transitioning from basic research to the clinic. Mouse models are indispensable tools for dissecting the processes and mechanisms leading to TME evolution. In this review, we overview the paradoxical roles of the TME, as well as the recent progress of mouse models in TME research. Finally, we summarize recent advances in TME-targeting therapeutic strategies.© The author(s).