基于锌的纳米结构以其众多潜在的生物医学应用而闻名。在这个背景下，利用植物提取物进行纳米结构的生物合成已成为一种更可持续和有前景的替代方法，能够有效地取代传统的化学方法，同时避免其毒性影响。在本研究中，通过低温钙化工艺，利用荔枝（Litchi chinensis）叶提取液进行了锌羟基纳米结构的绿色合成，荔枝叶作为木质纤维素废弃生物质，已知富含多种植物化合物。锌羟基纳米结构的生物制备是通过叶提取物中的活性化合物实现的，这些化合物起到还原和包覆剂的作用。为了评估其物理化学特性，所制备的锌羟基纳米结构经过了多种表征技术的分析。此外，还评估了所制备的锌羟基纳米结构的抗氧化、抗菌和抗癌活性的多功能性。制备的纳米结构对枯草杆菌显示出了抗菌效果，并通过刚果红染色法验证了其抗生物膜活性。此外，所制备纳米结构的抗氧化活性呈剂量依赖性，其中在200 μg/ml的浓度下可记录到91.52％的清除活性，IC50值为45.22 μg/ml，表明制备的纳米结构具有很高的自由基清除活性。此外，在对HepG2细胞系进行体外细胞毒性研究时发现，制备的纳米结构表现出更强的细胞毒性作用，在25.6 μg/ml的浓度下可观察到73.21%的细胞抑制率，IC50为2.58 μg/ml。相反，对于HEK-293细胞系，其抑制率在相同浓度下明显较低，约为47.64％。这些发现可以进一步扩展为开发独特的生物衍生纳米结构，以供广泛应用于各种生物医学目的的评估。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier B.V. 发表。

Zinc-based nanostructures are known for their numerous potential biomedical applications. In this context, the biosynthesis of nanostructures using plant extracts has become a more sustainable and promising alternative to effectively replace conventional chemical methods while avoiding their toxic impact. In this study, following a low-temperature calcination process, a green synthesis of Zn-hydroxide-based nanostructure has been performed using an aqueous extract derived from the leaves of Litchi chinensis, which is employed as a lignocellulose waste biomass known to possess a variety of phytocompounds. The biogenic preparation of Zn-hydroxide based nanostructures is enabled by bioactive compounds present in the leaf extract, which act as reducing and capping agents. In order to evaluate its physicochemical characteristics, the produced Zn-hydroxide-based nanostructure has been subjected to several characterization techniques. Further, the multifunctional properties of the prepared Zn-hydroxide-based nanostructure have been evaluated for antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activity. The prepared nanostructure showed antibacterial efficacy against Bacillus subtilis and demonstrated its anti-biofilm activity as evaluated through the Congo red method. In addition, the antioxidant activity of the prepared nanostructure has been found to be dose-dependent, wherein 91.52 % scavenging activity could be recorded at 200 μg/ml, with an IC50 value of 45.22 μg/ml, indicating the prepared nanostructure has a high radical scavenging activity. Besides, the in vitro cytotoxicity investigation against HepG2 cell lines explored that the as-prepared nanostructure exhibited a higher cytotoxic effect and 73.21 % cell inhibition could be noticed at 25.6 μg/ml with an IC50 of 2.58 μg/ml. On the contrary, it was found to be significantly lower in the case of HEK-293 cell lines, wherein ~47.64 % inhibition could be noticed at the same concentration. These findings might be further extended to develop unique biologically derived nanostructures that can be extensively evaluated for various biomedical purposes.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.