来源于医药植物的活性次生代谢物、精油和挥发性化合物在促进人类健康方面起着关键作用。在大型菊科植物家族中，艾蒿属约有500个物种。艾蒿属物种在世界传统医药中有着丰富的历史，可以用于治疗各种疾病，如疟疾、黄疸、牙痛、胃肠问题、伤口、炎症性疾病、腹泻、月经痛、皮肤疾病、头痛和肠道寄生虫。艾蒿属物种的治疗潜力来自于多种植物化学成分，包括萜类化合物、酚类、黄酮类、香豆素类、顺式萜内酯类、木脂素类和生物碱等作为活性药物成分（API）。这些API赋予了该物种杰出的抗疟疾、抗微生物、抗寄生虫、抗糖尿病、抗炎、抗癌、解痉、抗氧化和杀虫性质。有趣的是，包括arglabin、青蒿素、青蒿甲醚、青蒿素、樟脑和赤美丹在内的一些商业化药物也来源于不同的艾蒿属物种。然而，尽管具有广泛的药用潜力，商业上仅开发了有限数量的艾蒿属物种。此外，关于艾蒿的传统和药理用途的文献资料缺乏综合性的回顾。因此，迫切需要填补现有的知识空白，并为未来的艾蒿研究提供科学基础。在这种背景下，本综述旨在全面介绍艾蒿属所有物种的传统用途、植物化学成分、已记录的生物学特性和毒性，并为从业者和研究人员提供对未充分利用的物种及其潜在应用的有益见解。该综述旨在促进进一步的探索、实验和合作，充分实现艾蒿在促进人类健康和福祉方面的治疗潜力。本综述版权归Bentham Science Publishers所有；如有任何疑问，请发送邮件至epub@benthamscience.net。

Biologically active secondary metabolites, essential oils, and volatile compounds derived from medicinal and aromatic plants play a crucial role in promoting human health. Within the large family Asteraceae, the genus Artemisia consists of approximately 500 species. Artemisia species have a rich history in traditional medicine worldwide, offering remedies for a wide range of ailments, such as malaria, jaundice, toothache, gastrointestinal problems, wounds, inflammatory diseases, diarrhoea, menstrual pains, skin disorders, headache, and intestinal parasites. The therapeutic potential of Artemisia species is derived from a multitude of phytoconstituents, including terpenoids, phenols, flavonoids, coumarins, sesquiterpene lactones, lignans, and alkaloids that serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). The remarkable antimalarial, antimicrobial, anthelmintic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antispasmodic, antioxidative and insecticidal properties possessed by the species are attributed to these APIs. Interestingly, several commercially utilized pharmaceutical drugs, including arglabin, artemisinin, artemether, artesunate, santonin, and tarralin have also been derived from different Artemisia species. However, despite the vast medicinal potential, only a limited number of Artemisia species have been exploited commercially. Further, the available literature on traditional and pharmacological uses of Artemisia lacks comprehensive reviews. Therefore, there is an urgent need to bridge the existing knowledge gaps and provide a scientific foundation for future Artemisia research endeavours. It is in this context, the present review aims to provide a comprehensive account of the traditional uses, phytochemistry, documented biological properties and toxicity of all the species of Artemisia and offers useful insights for practitioners and researchers into underutilized species and their potential applications. This review aims to stimulate further exploration, experimentation and collaboration to fully realize the therapeutic potential of Artemisia in augmenting human health and well-being.Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.