中性粒细胞外细胞捕获陷阱（NETs）形成的过程，称为NETosis，是一种中性粒细胞的特殊死亡方式，最初观察到它是一种对抗细菌感染的免疫反应。然而，最新的研究揭示了NETosis在促进肿瘤转移过程中的独特生物学作用。肿瘤微环境释放的中性粒细胞外细胞捕获陷阱（NETs）保护肿瘤细胞免受细胞毒性免疫攻击，导致肿瘤清除受损。此外，被NETs捕获的肿瘤细胞能够通过血管旅行，并在随后种植到远处器官。有针对性地消除NETosis已被证明有利于提高转移性环境中癌症免疫治疗的疗效。本综述概述了NETosis在几乎所有肿瘤转移阶段的影响。此外，了解NETosis与肿瘤微环境组分之间多方面的相互作用对支持基于抗NETosis的高效联合免疫治疗策略的合理发展对于转移性疾病的患者至关重要。 © 2023 John Wiley＆Sons A / S。由John Wiley＆Sons Ltd.出版。

The process of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation, called NETosis, is a peculiar death modality of neutrophils, which was first observed as an immune response against bacterial infection. However, recent work has revealed the unique biology of NETosis in facilitating tumor metastatic process. Neutrophil extracellular traps released by the tumor microenvironment (TME) shield tumor cells from cytotoxic immunity, leading to impaired tumor clearance. Besides, tumor cells tapped by NETs enable to travel through vessels and subsequently seed distant organs. Targeted ablation of NETosis has been proven to be beneficial in potentiating the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy in the metastatic settings. This review outlines the impact of NETosis at almost all stages of tumor metastasis. Furthermore, understanding the multifaceted interplay between NETosis and the TME components is crucial for supporting the rational development of highly effective combination immunotherapeutic strategies with anti-NETosis for patients with metastatic disease.© 2023 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.