作为癌症治疗领域的一项重大突破，免疫疗法近年来受到了极大关注。然而，免疫疗法面临的一个挑战是低应答率和免疫相关不良事件。因此，探索增强免疫疗法疗效和减少副作用的新治疗策略和平台变得重要。近年来，半导体聚合物（SP）作为一类具有π-共轭芳香主链的有机材料引起了相当大的关注，因为它们具有出色的光物理特性、良好的生物安全性、可调的化学柔韧性、易于制备和高稳定性等优点。凭借这些独特的优势，SP已被广泛应用于生物成像、光动力学或超声激活的肿瘤治疗。本综述总结了基于SP的纳米药物在增强肿瘤免疫疗法方面的最新进展。根据SP的光物理性质，本综述详细介绍了由SP提供光热、光动力学或声动力学功能的癌症免疫疗法，并重点介绍了构建联合免疫疗法和可激活纳米平台，以最大化癌症免疫疗法的优势。本综述将为设计具有所需光物性的SP以实现所需生物医学应用的最大效力提供新指导和全面洞察。本文受版权保护。保留所有权利。

As a monumental breakthrough in cancer treatment, immunotherapy has attracted tremendous attention in recent years. However, one challenge faced by immunotherapy is the low response rate and the irAEs. Therefore, it is important to explore new therapeutic strategies and platforms for boosting therapeutic benefits and decreasing the side effects of immunotherapy. In recent years, semiconducting polymer (SP), a category of organic materials with π-conjugated aromatic backbone, has been attracting considerable attention because of their outstanding characteristics such as excellent photophysical features, good biosafety, adjustable chemical flexibility, easy fabrication, and high stability. With these distinct advantages, SP has been extensively explored for bioimaging and photo- or ultrasound-activated tumor therapy. In this review, we summarize the recent advancements in SP-based nanomedicines for enhanced tumor immunotherapy. According to the photophysical properties of SPs, this review highlights the cancer immunotherapies enabled by SPs with the photothermal, photodynamic, or sonodynamic functions in detail, with a particular focus on the construction of combination immunotherapy and activatable nanoplatforms to maximize the benefits of cancer immunotherapy. This review will provide new guidance and comprehensive insights for the design of SPs with desired photophysical properties to realize maximized effectiveness of required biomedical applications. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.