口腔扁平苔藓（OLP）是一种慢性炎症性疾病，其发病机制涉及T细胞介导的上皮定向炎症反应，对未知抗原（抗原）作出反应。该疾病通过间歇性病情恶化，并具有多形性临床特征（网状、糜烂、萎缩、斑块状、丘疹状、水疱状等）。当存在时，症状因临床形式而异，从不适到严重疼痛不等。对症状恶化的首选治疗是局部超强力皮质类固醇，而在局部钙调神经元抑制剂、全身皮质类固醇、全身视黄醇类、局部/全身免疫调节剂等范围内有多种二/三线治疗方法可供选择。对患者进行随访是必要的，以检测转变为鳞状细胞癌的可能性，该转变发生在约1%的患者中。© 2023. 作者（或作者团队）以专属许可授予 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 使用。

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease whose pathogenesis involves a T-cell mediated, epithelium-directed inflammation in response to unknown antigen(s). The disease evolves by intermittent flares and displays polymorphous clinical features (reticular, erosive, atrophic, plaque, papular, bullous, etc.). When present, symptoms vary depending on the clinical form and range from discomfort to severe pain. Topical superpotent corticosteroids constitute the first-line treatment of symptomatic flares, whereas a wide range of second/third-line treatments are available among topical calcineurin inhibitors, systemic corticosteroids, systemic retinoids, topical/systemic immunomodulators, etc. Follow-up of patients is necessary to detect transformation into squamous cell carcinoma, occurring in approximately 1% of patients.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.