在精准医疗的时代，基因型匹配试验变得越来越重要。这些试验需要由提供全基因组测序（CGP）检测的机构向进行这些试验的机构提供转诊，而参与试验所需的旅行负担相当可观。然而，目前尚不清楚旅行时间或距离是否与基因型匹配试验的参与有关。本研究目的在于评估旅行时间或距离是否与CGP检测后基因型匹配试验参与的差异有关。本回顾性队列研究从2020年6月至2022年6月，纳入了被转诊至国立癌症中心医院参与基因型匹配试验的晚期或转移性实体肿瘤患者，这些患者在CGP检测后经分子肿瘤委员会讨论。数据分析时间为2022年6月至10月。旅行时间和距离。主要和次要结局分别为基因型匹配试验登记和全癌症临床试验登记。在1127名患者（平均[范围]年龄62 [16-85]岁;女性584名[52％]；全部为日本居民）中，127名（11％）和241名（21％）分别进行了基因型匹配试验和全癌症临床试验登记。总体的中位旅行距离（IQR）和时间分别为38（21-107）公里和55（35-110）分钟。在与23个协变量进行多变量回归后，旅行距离（≥ 100公里与<100公里）与基因型匹配试验参与的可能性无关（310名患者中的26名[8％]与807名患者中的101名[12％]；比值比（OR）为0.64；95％CI为，0.40-1.02），然而，旅行时间120分钟或以上的患者与旅行时间低于120分钟的患者相比，基因型匹配试验参与的可能性显著降低（276名患者中的19名[7％]与851名患者中的108名[13％]；OR为0.51；95％CI为，0.29-0.84）。随着旅行时间从40分钟以下（283名患者中的38名[13％]）增加到40至120分钟（568名患者中的70名[12％]）和120分钟以上（276名患者中的19名[7％]），基因型匹配试验参与的可能性降低（OR为0.74；95％CI为，0.48-1.17；OR为0.41；95％CI为，0.22-0.74）。旅行时间和距离与全癌症临床试验参与的可能性均无关联。在这个进行CGP检测的患者队列研究中，旅行时间的增加与基因型匹配试验参与的可能性降低相关。这需要进一步研究干预措施，例如将临床试验的分散化以减轻旅行负担。

Genotype-matched trials, which are becoming increasingly important in the precision oncology era, require referrals from institutions providing comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) testing to those conducting these trials, and the travel burden for trial participation is significant. However, it remains unknown whether travel time or distance are associated with genotype-matched trial participation.To assess whether travel time or distance are associated with disparities in genotype-matched trial participation following CGP testing.This retrospective cohort study from June 2020 to June 2022 included patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors referred to the National Cancer Center Hospital for participation in genotype-matched trials following CGP testing and discussion by molecular tumor boards. Data were analyzed from June to October 2022.Travel time and distance.The primary and secondary outcomes were enrollment in genotype-matched trials and all-cancer clinical trials, respectively.Of 1127 patients (mean [range] age, 62 [16-85] years; 584 women [52%]; all residents of Japan), 127 (11%) and 241 (21%) were enrolled in genotype-matched trials and all-cancer clinical trials, respectively. The overall median (IQR) travel distance and time were 38 (21-107) km and 55 (35-110) minutes, respectively. On multivariable regression with 23 covariates, travel distance (≥100 km vs <100 km) was not associated with the likelihood of genotype-matched trial participation (26 of 310 patients [8%] vs 101 of 807 patients [12%]; odds ratio [OR], 0.64; 95% CI, 0.40-1.02), whereas in patients with travel time of 120 minutes or more, the likelihood of genotype-matched trial participation was significantly lower than those with travel time less than 120 minutes (19 of 276 patients [7%] vs 108 of 851 patients [13%]; OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.29-0.84). The likelihood of genotype-matched trial participation decreased as travel time increased from less than 40 (38 of 283 patients [13%]) to 40 to 120 (70 of 568 patients [12%]) and 120 or more (19 of 276 patients [7%]) minutes (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.48-1.17; OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.22-0.74, respectively). Neither travel time nor distance were associated with the likelihood of all-cancer clinical trial participation.In this cohort study of patients undergoing CGP testing, an increased travel time was associated with a decreased likelihood of genotype-matched trial participation. This warrants further research on interventions, such as decentralization of clinical trials to mitigate travel burden.