印度香茅（学名：Cymbopogon jwarancusa (Jones) Schult.，科名：Poacea/Gramineae）在传统民间和土著药物系统中被用来治疗多种疾病，其作用包括抗氧化、抗过敏、抗寄生虫、镇痛、退热和抗癌活性；然而，关于其肝保护功效的文件证据尚缺。本研究旨在评估印度香茅水醇提取物（HECJ）对对乙酰氨基酚（PCM）诱导的雄性Wistar大鼠肝损伤的肝保护活性，并确定提取物中负责该活性的生物活性成分。将乙酰氨基酚（2克/千克）诱导肝毒性的大鼠分为5组（n=6），经口给予以下处理：0.5%羧甲基纤维素（正常对照）、50毫克/千克水飞蓟草（参考标准）、HECJ [515毫克/千克（低剂量）和720毫克/千克（高剂量）]（实验组），连续7天，第7天给予乙酰氨基酚诱导（PCM对照，参考标准，实验组）。收集血样以测定AST、ALT、ALP、总胆红素和总蛋白质的水平；收集肝组织匀浆以测定抗氧化指标（GSH、GST、GPx和LPO）；收集肝组织切片进行组织病理学分析。利用初步筛选、酚类、黄酮类和萜类物质含量测定以及GC-MS分析对HECJ中的植物化学成分进行分离和鉴定。HECJ预处理的动物剂量依赖性地并显著减轻了PCM引起的肝酶、血浆蛋白、血清总胆红素和抗氧化标志物水平的改变。组织病理学分析表明，PCM引起明显的坏死和淋巴细胞浸润，而预处理羟基水杨酸和HECJ的组的大鼠保持了正常的肝组织结构。对提取物的初步筛选、酚类、黄酮类和萜类物质含量的测定以及GC-MS分析显示，提取物中存在一些重要的生物活性成分，如酚类、黄酮类、糖苷、单宁、类固醇、脂肪酸、甾醇、酯、皂苷、萜类物质和精油，可能共同负责植物的肝保护作用。本研究得出结论，印度香茅可作为一种有益的天然产物，具有肝保护功效；然而，未来的研究领域需要进一步明确其作用机制。Copyright © 2023. Elsevier B.V.出版。

Cymbopogon jwarancusa (Jones) Schult. (Family: Poacea/Gramineae) is being used to treat numerous ailments in traditional/folklore and indigenous system of medicine due to its antioxidant, anti-allergic, antiparasitic, analgesic, antipyretic and anticancer activities; however there is no documented evidence regarding its hepatoprotective efficacy.This study was aimed to evaluate hepatoprotective activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Cymbopogon jwarancusa (HECJ) against paracetamol (PCM) induced liver damage in albino Wistar rats, and to identify the bioactive components present in the extract responsible for the said activity.Five groups of rats (n = 6) were orally treated with: 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose (normal control), 50 mg/kg silymarin (reference standard), HECJ [515 mg/kg (low dose) and 720 mg/kg (high dose)] (test groups) for 7 days daily, followed by induction of hepato-toxicity using PCM (2 gm/kg) on 7th day (PCM control; reference standard; test groups). The blood samples to estimate the level of AST, ALT, ALP, total bilirubin and total protein; liver tissue homogenate for antioxidant markers (GSH, GST, GPx, and LPO) and liver section for histopathological analysis were collected. Isolation and characterization of phytochemicals from HECJ was done by preliminary screening, determination of phenolic, flavonoid and terpenoid content, and GC-MS analysis.The animals pre-treated with HECJ dose-dependently and significantly alleviated the PCM-induced alterations in liver enzymes, plasma proteins, serum total bilirubin and antioxidant markers levels. The histopathological analysis suggest that PCM causes marked necrosis and lymphocyte infiltration, while preservation of the normal hepatic architecture was observed in groups pre-treated with, reference standard drug silymarin, and HECJ. Preliminary screening of the extract, determination of phenolic, flavonoid and terpenoid content, and GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of some important bioactive components such as phenolics, flavonoids, glycoside, tannins, steroids, fatty acids, sterols, esters, saponins, terpenes/terpenoids and essential oil which could be synergistically responsible for the plant's hepatoprotective effect.This study concluded that C. jwarancusa could be taken as a beneficial natural product for its hepatoprotective efficacy; however, future line of work is required to establish its precise mechanism of action.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.