几个世纪以来，传统中药 (TCM) 一直被用来治疗各种类型的消化系统炎症和肿瘤。马齿苋 (POL) 在中医中的使用已有数千年的历史。 POL 的化学成分多种多样，包括类黄酮、生物碱、萜类化合物和有机酸以及其他类别的天然化合物。其中许多化合物在消化系统中表现出强大的抗炎和抗癌转化作用。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注 POL 在 NASH、胃炎和结肠炎及其相关癌症中的潜在治疗作用，重点关注POL主要天然活性成分的药理性质和潜在作用机制。马齿苋及其主要活性成分的信息和数据整理自民族植物学教科书和CNKI、VIP（中文文献）等文献数据库等多种资源、PubMed、Science Direct、Elsevier 和 Google Scholar（英文文献）、Wiley、Springer、Tailor 和 Francis、Scopus、Inflibnet。发现山奈酚、木犀草素、杨梅素、槲皮素、金雀异黄素、EPA、DHA 和褪黑素可改善 NASH 和 NASH -HCC，而山奈酚、芹菜素、木犀草素、槲皮素则对胃炎、胃癌起到治疗作用。芹菜素、木犀草素、杨梅素、槲皮素、染料木素、羽扇豆醇、维生素 C 和褪黑激素被发现对结肠炎及其相关癌症具有治疗作用。 POL 中这些天然活性化合物的有益作用的发现支持了以下观点：POL 可能成为治疗和预防消化系统炎症相关癌症的有前途的新型候选药物。这些天然活性化合物的有益作用的发现POL 的研究支持这样的观点，即 POL 可能是治疗和预防消化系统炎症相关癌症的一种有前途的新型候选药物。然而，仍然缺乏描述 POL 天然活性化合物作用方式的临床数据。此外，POL化合物的药代动力学数据，例如药物剂量和吸收率的变化，不能从动物模型中推断出来，需要在临床试验中在患者身上进行测量。一方面，仍需对现有含有 POL 的中医药出版物进行系统的荟萃分析。另一方面，还需要对POL的肝和肾毒性进行研究。此外，还需要进行精心设计的临床前和临床研究来验证中医药的治疗效果，从而有望为验证 POL 的临床益处提供基础。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for centuries to treat various types of inflammation and tumors of the digestive system. Portulaca oleracea L. (POL), has been used in TCM for thousands of years. The chemical composition of POL is variable and includes flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids and organic acids and other classes of natural compounds. Many of these compounds exhibit powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer-transforming effects in the digestive system.In this review, we focus on the potential therapeutic role of POL in NASH, gastritis and colitis and their associated cancers, with a focus on the pharmacological properties and potential mechanisms of action of the main natural active compounds in POL.The information and data on Portulaca oleracea L. and its main active ingredients were collated from various resources like ethnobotanical textbooks and literature databases such as CNKI, VIP (Chinese literature), PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier and Google Scholar (English literatures), Wiley, Springer, Tailor and Francis, Scopus, Inflibnet.Kaempferol, luteolin, myricetin, quercetin, genistein, EPA, DHA, and melatonin were found to improve NASH and NASH-HCC, while kaempferol, apigenin, luteolin, and quercetin played a therapeutic role in gastritis and gastric cancer. Apigenin, luteolin, myricetin, quercetin, genistein, lupeol, vitamin C and melatonin were found to have therapeutic effects in the treatment of colitis and its associated cancers. The discovery of the beneficial effects of these natural active compounds in POL supports the idea that POL could be a promising novel candidate for the treatment and prevention of inflammation-related cancers of the digestive system.The discovery of the beneficial effects of these natural active compounds in POL supports the idea that POL could be a promising novel candidate for the treatment and prevention of inflammation-related cancers of the digestive system. However, clinical data describing the mode of action of the naturally active compounds of POL are still lacking. In addition, pharmacokinetic data for POL compounds, such as changes in drug dose and absorption rates, cannot be extrapolated from animal models and need to be measured in patients in clinical trials. On the one hand, a systematic meta-analysis of the existing publications on TCM containing POL still needs to be carried out. On the other hand, studies on the hepatic and renal toxicity of POL are also needed. Additionally, well-designed preclinical and clinical studies to validate the therapeutic effects of TCM need to be performed, thus hopefully providing a basis for the validation of the clinical benefits of POL.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.