胶质瘤是一种中枢神经系统（CNS）的恶性肿瘤。目前，神经胶质瘤仍缺乏有效的治疗方案。中性粒细胞作为肿瘤微环境（TME）的重要成员，广泛分布于循环系统中。最近，颅脑膜通道和颅内淋巴管的发现为中枢神经系统中性粒细胞的起源提供了新的见解。大脑中的中性粒细胞可能更多地源自颅骨和邻近的椎骨骨髓。它们在趋化因子的作用下穿过血脑屏障（BBB）并进入脑实质，随后迁移至胶质瘤TME并在与肿瘤细胞接触时发生表型变化。在糖酵解代谢模型下，中性粒细胞在癌症进展的不同阶段表现出复杂和双重的功能，包括参与胶质瘤的恶性进展、免疫抑制和抗肿瘤作用。此外，TME 中的中性粒细胞与其他免疫细胞相互作用，在癌症免疫治疗中发挥着至关重要的作用。针对中性粒细胞可能是新一代免疫疗法，可提高癌症治疗的功效。本文综述了中性粒细胞从外部环境浸润中枢神经系统的分子机制，详细介绍了中性粒细胞在胶质瘤中的起源、功能、分类和靶向治疗。版权所有 © 2024 孙王马周丁袁、潘.

Glioma is a malignant tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). Currently, effective treatment options for gliomas are still lacking. Neutrophils, as an important member of the tumor microenvironment (TME), are widely distributed in circulation. Recently, the discovery of cranial-meningeal channels and intracranial lymphatic vessels has provided new insights into the origins of neutrophils in the CNS. Neutrophils in the brain may originate more from the skull and adjacent vertebral bone marrow. They cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) under the action of chemokines and enter the brain parenchyma, subsequently migrating to the glioma TME and undergoing phenotypic changes upon contact with tumor cells. Under glycolytic metabolism model, neutrophils show complex and dual functions in different stages of cancer progression, including participation in the malignant progression, immune suppression, and anti-tumor effects of gliomas. Additionally, neutrophils in the TME interact with other immune cells, playing a crucial role in cancer immunotherapy. Targeting neutrophils may be a novel generation of immunotherapy and improve the efficacy of cancer treatments. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms of neutrophils infiltrating the central nervous system from the external environment, detailing the origin, functions, classifications, and targeted therapies of neutrophils in the context of glioma.Copyright © 2024 Sun, Wang, Ma, Zhou, Ding, Yuan and Pan.