先前的研究表明，单独使用替莫唑胺（TMZ）和PD-1/L1抑制剂（PD-1/L1）在治疗伴有脑转移（BM）的非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）方面表现出一定的潜力。研究中，我们将探索将两者结合起来，以寻求新的有效的BM NSCLC治疗方案。在2021.1至2023.12期间，我们收集了这些接受过TMZ和PD-1/L1治疗的NSCLC BM治疗的日期，以客观缓解率（ORR）、无进展生存期（PFS）和总生存期（OS）为主要终点，同时记录该方案的毒性。 入组约42例患者，我们的初步分析表明：该方案对伴BM的NSCLC的ORR为26.19%，颅内和颅外病变ORR分别为6%和20%，DCR约为64.29%，平均PFS和OS约为4 m和8.5 m。进一步分析表明，效率与诊断特异性分级预后评估（ds-GPA）评分相关。此外，毒性也可以耐受，表明该方案针对 BM 的 NSCLC 具有应用潜力。我们的结果表明，在耐受毒性的情况下，TMZ 和 PD-1/L1 的组合对 BM 的 NSCLC 显示出有希望的效率，这将是对于NSCLC脑转移的治疗具有重要意义。但由于样本和回顾性的限制，该方案的真正价值有待未来进一步证实。© 2024。作者。

Previous research has shown that both temozolomide (TMZ) and PD-1/L1 inhibitors (PD-1/L1) alone exhibit certain potential in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with brain metastases (BM), in this study, we will explore combining the two in order to seek new effective treatment options for NSCLC with BM.During 2021.1 to 2023.12, we collected the date of these pretreated-NSCLC with BM who accept the treatment of TMZ and PD-1/L1, the objective response ratio (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were set as the primary endpoint, meanwhile, the toxicity of such regimen was also recorded.About 42 patients are enrolled, our primary analysis demonstrated that the ORR of such regimen toward NSCLC with BM was 26.19%, with Approximate intracranial and extracranial lesion ORR was 6% and 20% respectively, the DCR was about 64.29%, the mean PFS and OS was about 4 m and 8.5 m. Further analysis indicated that the efficiency correlated with the diagnosis-Specific Graded Prognostic Assessment (ds-GPA) score. Moreover, the toxicity can also be tolerated, indicating the application potential of such regimen against NSCLC with BM.Our results exhibited that with tolerated toxicity, the combination of TMZ and PD-1/L1 shows promising efficiency against NSCLC with BM, this would be of great significance for the treatment of NSCLC with brain metastasis. However, due to the limitation of sample and retrospective property, the real value of such regimen needed to be further confirmed in the future.© 2024. The Author(s).