鉴于肿瘤治疗的重叠危险因素和潜在的心血管并发症，新兴的心脏肿瘤学领域解决了癌症患者对专门心血管护理的迫切需求。与欧洲血液学协会 (EHA)、欧洲治疗放射学和肿瘤学学会 (ESTRO) 以及欧洲心脏病学会 (ESC) 合作，制定并于 2022 年发布了第一个心脏肿瘤学指南。该指南包括 272建议涵盖治疗开始前的风险分层、肿瘤治疗期间的监测以及治疗相关心血管副作用的诊断和治疗。该指南的一个重大创新是综合风险分层方法，它将患者分为低、中和高风险。基于治疗特定因素的风险组。这样可以在治疗期间进行量身定制的心血管护理，并根据患者的风险水平进行不同频率的随访检查。值得注意的是，该指南强调了肿瘤学家和心脏病学家之间跨学科合作以优化患者治疗结果的重要性。总体而言，心脏肿瘤学指南代表了在解决癌症患者复杂的心血管需求方面的重大进步。其全面的建议和对跨学科护理的强调强调了在整个肿瘤治疗过程中优化心血管健康的重要性。这篇综述概述了免疫检查点抑制剂相关性心肌炎（ICIM）患者的风险分层和治疗的指南和更新，以及他汀类药物在预防蒽环类药物相关心脏毒性方面的作用。Thieme。版权所有。

The emerging field of cardio-oncology addresses the critical need for specialized cardiovascular care in cancer patients, given the overlapping risk factors and potential cardiovascular complications of oncological therapies. In collaboration with the European Hematology Association (EHA), the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ESTRO), and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), the first cardio-oncology guideline was developed and published in 2022. This guideline comprises 272 recommendations covering risk stratification before therapy initiation, monitoring during oncological treatment, and the diagnosis and treatment of therapy-associated cardiovascular side effects.A significant innovation in this guideline is the comprehensive risk stratification approach, which categorizes patients into low, moderate, and high-risk groups based on therapy-specific factors. This allows for tailored cardiovascular care during therapy, with varying frequencies of follow-up examinations depending on the patient's risk level. Notably, the guideline emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between oncologists and cardiologists to optimize patient outcomes.Overall, the cardio-oncology guideline represents a significant advancement in addressing the complex cardiovascular needs of cancer patients. Its comprehensive recommendations and emphasis on interdisciplinary care underscore the importance of optimizing cardiovascular health throughout the oncological treatment journey.This review provides an overview of the guidelines and updates on the risk stratification and therapy of patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis (ICIM), as well as the role of statins in protecting against anthracycline-associated cardiotoxicity.Thieme. All rights reserved.