多原发性肺癌（MPLC）的治疗仍然具有挑战性，部分原因是其发病率不断上升，特别是低剂量计算机断层扫描筛查引起的多发性肺结节病例显着增加。此外，不确定的发病机制、诊断标准和治疗选择增加了复杂性。近年来，人们不断努力剖析MPLC的分子特征，探索新的诊断方法和治疗模式，本文将重点综述，重点关注新出现的证据和未来展望，希望为MPLC提供新的见解。 MPLC 的管理，并为未来与 MPLC 相关的研究提供灵感。© 2024 UICC。

Management of multiple primary lung cancer (MPLC) remains challenging, partly due to its increasing incidence, especially with the significant rise in cases of multiple lung nodules caused by low-dose computed tomography screening. Moreover, the indefinite pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, and treatment selection add to the complexity. In recent years, there have been continuous efforts to dissect the molecular characteristics of MPLC and explore new diagnostic approaches as well as treatment modalities, which will be reviewed here, with a focus on newly emerging evidence and future perspectives, hope to provide new insights into the management of MPLC and serve as inspiration for future research related to MPLC.© 2024 UICC.