结直肠癌（CRC）是一个重大的全球健康负担，发病率和死亡率很高。它通常在中晚期被诊断出来，诊断时大约有 35% 的患者受到影响。目前，化疗已用于改善患者预后并提高总生存率。然而，化疗也会产生细胞毒性作用，导致不良反应，如抑制骨髓造血、引起消化功能障碍、手足综合症，甚至危及生命。针对这些副作用，研究人员提出使用中药（TCM）作为治疗癌症的一种选择。中医研究以方剂、药材、成分为主，是当前中医药研究的重要组成部分。中药方药的研究和运用体现了其独特的整体治疗方法，其特点是多成分、多靶点治疗。与中药方剂和中药相比，TMC成分成分单一、用药剂量较小、药效精确、作用机制明确，在新药开发方面具有优势。但TMC成分能否完全替代中药方剂的治疗功效，还需要进一步研究。本文对中药方剂、药材、成分的研究进展进行了综合分析。这项研究的结果可以为有兴趣探索中医药治疗结直肠癌潜力的研究人员提供理论依据。版权所有 © 2024 Sun、Wei、Wang、Hou 和 Su。

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant global health burden, with high morbidity and mortality rates. It is often diagnosed at middle to advanced stage, affecting approximately 35% of patients at the time of diagnosis. Currently, chemotherapy has been used to improve patient prognosis and increase overall survival. However, chemotherapy can also have cytotoxic effects and lead to adverse reactions, such as inhibiting bone marrow hematopoiesis, causing digestive dysfunction, hand-foot syndrome, and even life-threatening conditions. In response to these adverse effects, researchers have proposed using Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as an option to treat cancer. TCM research focuses on prescriptions, herbs, and components, which form essential components of the current research in Chinese medicine. The study and implementation of TCM prescriptions and herbs demonstrate its distinctive holistic approach to therapy, characterized by applying multi-component and multi-target treatment. TMC components have advantages in developing new drugs as they consist of single ingredients, require smaller medication dosages, have a precise measure of pharmacodynamic effects, and have a clear mechanism of action compared to TCM prescriptions and herbs. However, further research is still needed to determine whether TMC components can fully substitute the therapeutic efficacy of TCM prescriptions. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the research advancements made in TCM prescriptions, herbs, and components. The findings of this study can serve as a theoretical basis for researchers who are interested in exploring the potential of TCM for the treatment of colorectal cancer.Copyright © 2024 Sun, Wei, Wang, Hou and Su.