衰老与细胞功能和修复能力随时间的下降有关，导致有机体水平的功能障碍、虚弱程度增加、疾病发生率增加和死亡。随着人口老龄化，有必要揭示与衰老相关的机制，从而引导治疗方法推迟与年龄相关的衰退的发生，延长健康寿命和寿命。一种可能性是针对 Sirtuin SIRT1，它是 Sirtuin 家族的创始成员，这是一个高度保守的组蛋白脱乙酰酶家族，与新陈代谢、应激反应、蛋白质合成、基因组不稳定性、神经变性、DNA 损伤修复和炎症有关。重要的是，sirtuins 还与促进健康和延长寿命有关，而它们的失调与癌症、神经系统过程和心脏疾病有关。 SIRT1 是 Sirtuin 家族的七个成员之一；每个都需要烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD）作为其催化活性的共底物。酵母、蠕虫、果蝇和小鼠 SIRT1 同源物的过度表达分别延长了每只动物的寿命。此外，由于热量限制而导致的寿命延长与沉默调节蛋白活性的增加有关。这些发现促使人们寻找卡路里限制模拟物，最终发现了化合物白藜芦醇。 (3,5,4'-三羟基-反式-二苯乙烯)属于多酚类二苯乙烯类化合物。根据这一发现，白藜芦醇和其他沉默调节蛋白激活化合物通过临床研究对其影响包括人类在内的多种物种的健康和寿命的能力进行了广泛研究。版权所有 © 2024 Rogina 和 Tissenbaum。

Aging is linked to a time-associated decline in both cellular function and repair capacity leading to malfunction on an organismal level, increased frailty, higher incidence of diseases, and death. As the population grows older, there is a need to reveal mechanisms associated with aging that could spearhead treatments to postpone the onset of age-associated decline, extend both healthspan and lifespan. One possibility is targeting the sirtuin SIRT1, the founding member of the sirtuin family, a highly conserved family of histone deacetylases that have been linked to metabolism, stress response, protein synthesis, genomic instability, neurodegeneration, DNA damage repair, and inflammation. Importantly, sirtuins have also been implicated to promote health and lifespan extension, while their dysregulation has been linked to cancer, neurological processes, and heart disorders. SIRT1 is one of seven members of sirtuin family; each requiring nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) as co-substrate for their catalytic activity. Overexpression of yeast, worm, fly, and mice SIRT1 homologs extend lifespan in each animal, respectively. Moreover, lifespan extension due to calorie restriction are associated with increased sirtuin activity. These findings led to the search for a calorie restriction mimetic, which revealed the compound resveratrol; (3, 5, 4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) belonging to the stilbenoids group of polyphenols. Following this finding, resveratrol and other sirtuin-activating compounds have been extensively studied for their ability to affect health and lifespan in a variety of species, including humans via clinical studies.Copyright © 2024 Rogina and Tissenbaum.