与健康患者相比，实体癌症患者在感染 COVID-19 后，感染和遭受严重并发症的风险更大，预后更差。他们在接种 COVID-19 疫苗后也有不同的免疫反应，但可用于揭示疫苗有效性并有助于指导该亚群免疫计划的证据有限；使用 MEDLINE、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane 图书馆数据库和 ClinicalTrials.gov 来检索文献。使用随机效应模型计算汇总血清转化率，并以 95% 置信区间 (CI) 报告；该综述包括 66 项研究，其中包含 13,050 名实体癌患者和 8550 名健康对照者接种 COVID-19 疫苗后的血清学反应。实体癌患者和健康对照者首次给药后的汇总血清阳性率分别为 55.2% (95% CI 45.9%-64.5% N = 18) 和 90.2% (95% CI 80.9%-96.6% N = 13) 。实体癌患者和健康对照者第二次给药后的血清阳性率分别为87.6% (95% CI 84.1%-90.7% N = 50)和98.9% (95% CI 97.6%-99.7% N = 35)。实体癌患者和健康对照者第三次给药后的血清阳性率分别为91.4%（95% CI 85.4%-95.9% N = 21）和99.8%（95% CI 98.1%-100.0% N = 4）。亚组分析发现研究样本量、抗体检测时间、疫苗类型对结果有影响；在患有实体恶性肿瘤的患者中，COVID-19疫苗接种后的血清转化率显着较低，尤其是在第一次接种后，然后在接下来的两次疫苗接种后逐渐缩小，表明应考虑后续剂量或加强剂量以确保该亚群的有效性。

Solid cancer patients, compared to their healthy counterparts, are at a greater risk of contracting and suffering from severe complications and poorer prognosis after COVID-19 infections. They also have different immune responses after doses of COVID-19 vaccination, but limited evidence is available to reveal the effectiveness and help to guide immunization programs for this subpopulation; MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library databases, and clinicaltrials.gov were used to search literature. The pooled seroconversion rate was calculated using a random-effects model and reported with a 95% confidence interval (CI); The review includes 66 studies containing serological responses after COVID-19 vaccination in 13,050 solid cancer patients and 8550 healthy controls. The pooled seropositive rates after the first dose in patients with solid cancer and healthy controls are 55.2% (95% CI 45.9%-64.5% N = 18) and 90.2% (95% CI 80.9%-96.6% N = 13), respectively. The seropositive rates after the second dose in patients with solid cancer and healthy controls are 87.6% (95% CI 84.1%-90.7% N = 50) and 98.9% (95% CI 97.6%-99.7% N = 35), respectively. The seropositive rates after the third dose in patients with solid cancer and healthy controls are 91.4% (95% CI 85.4%-95.9% N = 21) and 99.8% (95% CI 98.1%-100.0% N = 4), respectively. Subgroup analysis finds that study sample size, timing of antibody testing, and vaccine type have influence on the results; Seroconversion rates after COVID-19 vaccination are significantly lower in patients with solid malignancies, especially after the first dose, then shrinking gradually after the following two vaccinations, indicating that subsequent doses or a booster dose should be considered for the effectiveness of this subpopulation.