患者报告结果 (PRO) 在医学研究和临床实践中提供了多种潜在应用。在比较研究中，它们可以作为描绘各种癌症类型的健康相关生活质量 (HRQoL) 轨迹的工具。我们对来自 13 个德国癌症中心的 1498 名住院癌症患者进行了二次数据分析。我们使用多变量广义线性回归模型评估了 12 项简短健康调查在基线 (t0)、6 (t1) 和 12 个月 (t2) 时的身体和心理成分评分（PCS 和 MCS）。基线时，所有癌症患者的平均 PCS 和 MCS 值分别为 37.1 和 44.3 分。我们观察到 t2 时的 PCS 和 t1 时的 MCS 显着改善。最实质性和最显着的改善发生在妇科癌症患者中。我们发现癌症类型在基线、t1 和 t2 时存在许多显着差异，皮肤癌患者在所有时间点表现最佳，而肺癌患者表现最差。 MCS 轨迹显示癌症类型之间的变化和差异不太明显。对不同癌症类型的 HRQoL 评分进行比较分析可能会成为提高公众和癌症患者自身健康素养的宝贵工具。

Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) offer a diverse array of potential applications within medical research and clinical practice. In comparative research, they can serve as tools for delineating the trajectories of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) across various cancer types. We undertook a secondary data analysis of a cohort of 1498 hospitalized cancer patients from 13 German cancer centers. We assessed the Physical and Mental Component Scores (PCS and MCS) of the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey at baseline (t0), 6 (t1), and 12 months (t2), using multivariable generalized linear regression models. At baseline, the mean PCS and MCS values for all cancer patients were 37.1 and 44.3 points, respectively. We observed a significant improvement in PCS at t2 and in MCS at t1. The most substantial and significant improvements were noted among patients with gynecological cancers. We found a number of significant differences between cancer types at baseline, t1, and t2, with skin cancer patients performing best across all time points and lung cancer patients performing the worst. MCS trajectories showed less pronounced changes and differences between cancer types. Comparative analyses of HRQoL scores across different cancer types may serve as a valuable tool for enhancing health literacy, both among the general public and among cancer patients themselves.