人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 属于乳头瘤病毒科病毒，其中包括小型双链 DNA 病毒因子。大约 90% 的 HPV 感染是无症状的，并且会自行消退。然而，高风险病毒株的感染可能导致癌前病变的发展，并增加癌变的可能性。这些恶性肿瘤的位置包括口腔、子宫颈、阴道、肛门和外阴等。 HPV 在致癌作用中的作用已经在上述瘤形成中得到证实。然而，对于皮肤恶性肿瘤，我们仍然无法确定 HPV 在其发生和进展中所起的作用的机制。迄今为止，唯一完全了解的病毒性皮肤肿瘤发生机制是人类疱疹病毒 8 感染卡波西肉瘤。然而，就 HPV 感染而言，大多数数据都集中在 β 病毒株以及紫外线辐射 (UVR) 和其他环境或遗传因素在皮肤鳞状细胞癌 (cSCC) 的肿瘤发生中所发挥的作用。然而，最近的流行病学调查强调，HPV 还可能引发其他非黑素细胞癌，例如基底细胞癌 (BCC) 和/或黑素细胞皮肤癌，例如黑色素瘤。在此，我们概述了 HPV 在良性和恶性皮肤病变中发挥的作用，特别关注描述 HPV 与皮肤癌的关系的主要流行病学、病理生理学和分子方面。版权所有 © 2024。由 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. 出版

The human papillomavirus (HPV) belongs to the Papillomaviridae family of viruses which includes small, double-stranded DNA viral agents. Approximately 90% of HPV infections occur asymptomatically and resolve spontaneously. However, infection with high-risk viral strains can lead to the development of preneoplastic lesions, with an increased propensity to become cancerous. The location of these malignancies includes the oral cavity, cervix, vagina, anus, and vulva, among others. The role of HPV in carcinogenesis has already been demonstrated for the aforementioned neoplasia. However, regarding skin malignancies, the mechanisms that pinpoint the role played by HPV in their initiation and progression still elude our sight. Until now, the only fully understood mechanism of viral cutaneous oncogenesis is that of human herpes virus 8 infection in Kaposi sarcoma. In the case of HPV infection, however, most data focus on the role that beta strains exhibit in the oncogenesis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), along with ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and other environmental or genetic factors. However, recent epidemiological investigations have highlighted that HPV could also trigger the onset of other non-melanocytic, for example, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and/or melanocytic skin cancers, for example, melanoma. Herein, we provide an overview of the role played by HPV in benign and malignant skin lesions with a particular focus on the main epidemiological, pathophysiological, and molecular aspects delineating the involvement of HPV in skin cancers.Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.