血液系统恶性肿瘤最常出现在生命的第六个或第七个十年。即便如此，许多老年人可能无法耐受标准化疗或需要补充护理或剂量调整。在社区和学术中心，老年评估 (GA) 可用于改善患有血癌的老年人的护理。例如，血液肿瘤学家可以使用 GA 来指导治疗选择，根据患者的虚弱情况和目标进行调整，以及立即启动强化支持治疗。初始治疗后，GA 可以提高对患有侵袭性骨髓恶性肿瘤的老年人的识别，这些老年人将从造血细胞移植 (HCT) 中受益，为共同决策提供信息，并允许移植者定制预处理方案、供体选择、移植物抗宿主疾病预防以及 HCT 前后的治疗。与 HCT 一样，GA 可以改善对符合嵌合抗原受体 T 疗法的复发性淋巴瘤或多发性骨髓瘤老年患者的护理，识别毒性风险较高的患者，并为后续神经认知测试提供基线。在这里，我们回顾了从社区到学术中心支持 GA 护理患有血癌的老年人的数据。此外，我们还探索未来的方向，以优化患有血液恶性肿瘤的老年人的治疗结果。

Hematologic malignancies most often present in the sixth or seventh decade of life. Even so, many older adults may be unable to tolerate standard chemotherapy or require supplementary care or dose adjustments to do so. Both in community and academic centers, geriatric assessment (GA) can be used to improve the care of older adults with blood cancers. For example, hematologic oncologists can use GA to guide treatment selection, adjusting for patient frailty and goals, as well as prompt initiation of enhanced supportive care. After initial therapy, GA can improve the identification of older adults with aggressive myeloid malignancies who would benefit from hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), inform shared decision making, as well as allow transplanters to tailor conditioning regimen, donor selection, graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis, and pre- and post-HCT treatments. As in HCT, GA can improve the care of older patients with relapsed lymphoma or multiple myeloma eligible for chimeric antigen receptor-T therapy, identifying patients at higher risk for toxicity and providing a baseline for subsequent neurocognitive testing. Here, we review the data supporting GA for the care of older adults with blood cancers, from the community to the academic center. In addition, we explore future directions to optimize outcomes for older adults with hematologic malignancies.