儿科医生使用七氟醚，因为其作用快且恢复时间短。然而，研究表明，反复接触麻醉会影响学习和记忆。褪黑激素是一种吲哚型神经内分泌激素，具有显着的抗炎和神经保护特性。本研究探讨了褪黑素对青春期前七氟醚麻醉的雄性和雌性 Wistar 大鼠认知行为的影响。通过穿梭盒和莫里斯水迷宫测试评估认知功能，并使用ELISA试剂盒评估白细胞介素10、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、丙二醛（MDA）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）。使用蛋白质印迹技术测定凋亡相关蛋白 Bax、Bcl-2 和 caspase-3 的表达水平。七氟醚组大鼠的学习和记忆潜伏期比对照组更显着；然而，七氟醚和褪黑激素组的潜伏期明显短于对照组。七氟醚组的 MDA、TNF-α、Bax 和 caspase-3 水平显着高于对照组。我们还发现，与对照组相比，七氟醚组的 CAT 和 Bcl-2 水平显着降低。褪黑激素导致 CAT、Bcl-2 水平升高，MDA、TNF-α、Bax 和 caspase-3 水平降低，表明可能有助于七氟烷损伤的恢复。褪黑激素对七氟烷引起的认知障碍的雄性和雌性大鼠具有神经保护作用。这表明褪黑激素可能是治疗因反复接触七氟烷而导致的学习和记忆缺陷的一种有价值的治疗方法，可能是通过控制细胞凋亡、氧化应激和炎症来实现的。© 2024。作者。

Pediatricians use sevoflurane due to its fast action and short recovery time. However, studies have shown that repeated exposure to anesthesia can affect learning and memory. Melatonin, an indole-type neuroendocrine hormone, has significant anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. Melatonin's impact on cognitive behavior in sevoflurane-anesthetized males and females of the Wistar rats during preadolescence was examined in this research. The cognitive function was evaluated by shuttle box and morris water maze tests, while interleukin-10, Catalase (CAT), Malondialdehyde (MDA), and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) were evaluated using ELISA kits. The expression levels of the apoptosis-linked proteins, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3, were determined using the western blotting technique. The learning and memory latencies of the rats were more significant in the sevoflurane groups than in the control group; however, the latencies were significantly shorter in the sevoflurane and melatonin groups than in the control group. The levels of MDA, TNF-α, Bax, and caspase-3 were significantly higher in the sevoflurane groups than in the control group. We also found that the levels of CAT and Bcl-2 were significantly reduced in the sevoflurane groups compared to the control group. Increasing levels of CAT, Bcl-2, and decreasing levels of MDA, TNF-α, Bax, and caspase-3 in response to melatonin indicate a possible contribution to the recovery from the sevoflurane impairment. Melatonin shows neuroprotective effects in male and female rats with sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment. This suggests melatonin could be a valuable treatment for learning and memory deficits resulting from repeated exposure to sevoflurane, possibly by controlling apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation.© 2024. The Author(s).