背景：子宫内膜癌与血细胞计数的变化和高水平的炎症标志物相关，从而反映了肿瘤对各种生物过程的影响，并表明它们作为子宫内膜癌诊断、预后和治疗反应的生物标志物的潜力。据报道，术前患者外周血中中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞的比率、血小板与淋巴细胞的比率和单核细胞与淋巴细胞的比率与不同类型恶性肿瘤的预后独立相关。目的：本研究旨在比较几种血液标志物——红细胞、白细胞、血小板参数、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率、血小板与淋巴细胞比率、单核细胞与淋巴细胞比率、C反应蛋白和纤维蛋白原-患有良性或恶性子宫内膜肿瘤的患者。材料和方法：我们的回顾性研究包括 670 名患者（192 名诊断为子宫内膜癌，478 名诊断为子宫内膜增生），我们将上述血清学参数与手术前一天采样的血清学参数进行了比较。结果：全血细胞计数指标分析显示，子宫内膜癌组与子宫内膜增生症组红细胞、白细胞总数参数无显着差异。然而，白细胞分类出现了明显的模式。与子宫内膜增生组相比，子宫内膜癌组的淋巴细胞计数有统计学意义的显着下降。相反，与对照组相比，子宫内膜癌组的平均血小板计数显着升高，平均血小板体积显着增加。此外，子宫内膜癌组表现出明显的炎症反应，与对照组相比，C反应蛋白、纤维蛋白原、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率、血小板与淋巴细胞比率和单核细胞与淋巴细胞比率水平显着升高。子宫内膜增生组。结论：目前的研究揭示了两组之间多种血清学生物标志物存在统计学显着差异。这些发现支持了关于这些生物标志物在子宫内膜癌诊断、预后和治疗反应中的潜在效用的初步假设，强调了无论国家的发展水平如何，在任何卫生系统下都存在可负担得起的分析生物标志物。

Background: Endometrial cancer is associated with changes in blood cell counts and with high levels of inflammatory markers, thus reflecting the tumor's impact on various biological processes and suggesting their potential as biomarkers for endometrial cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio in peripheral blood sampled preoperatively from patients have been reported to be independently associated with the prognosis of different types of malignancies. Objectives: This study aimed to compare several blood markers-red blood cells, white blood cells, platelet parameters, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen-in patients with benign or malignant endometrial tumors. Material and methods: Our retrospective study included 670 patients (192 diagnosed with endometrial cancer and 478 with endometrial hyperplasia), and we compared the serological parameters discussed above with those sampled the day before surgery. Results: Analysis of complete blood count indices revealed no significant differences in red blood cell or total white blood cell parameters between the endometrial cancer group and the endometrial hyperplasia group. However, a distinct pattern emerged in the white blood cell differential. The endometrial cancer group showed a statistically significant decrease in lymphocyte count compared with the endometrial hyperplasia group. In contrast, the endometrial cancer group showed significantly higher mean platelet counts and increased mean platelet volume compared with controls. Furthermore, the endometrial cancer group demonstrated a marked inflammatory response, as evidenced by significantly elevated levels of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio compared with the endometrial hyperplasia group. Conclusions: The current research revealed statistically significant differences in multiple serological biomarkers between the two groups. These findings support the initial hypothesis regarding the potential utility of these biomarkers in endometrial cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response, highlighting the existence of biomarkers affordable for analysis under any health system, regardless of the country's level of development.