非肌层浸润性膀胱癌（NMIBC）的反复经尿道膀胱切除术（TURB）和灌注治疗可能会影响膀胱功能，从而影响生活质量。膀胱相关药物是膀胱功能受损的替代标志。目的是调查 TURB 和辅助滴注治疗是否与抗胆碱能药物、β3 激动剂和膀胱炎相关抗生素的使用相关。我们根据诊断后前五年内的 TURB 负荷，对 2002 年至 2017 年期间在丹麦国家患者登记处 (DNPR) 登记的所有诊断为原发性 NMIBC 的丹麦患者进行了分类（1 个 TURB、2-4 个 TURB、≥5 个 TURB）。丝裂霉素 C (MMC) 或卡介苗 (BCG) 滴注治疗是独立暴露（是或否）。我们纳入了 17,774 名患者； 76% 为男性，中位年龄：70 岁（IQR：63, 77）。暴露于 ≥5 次 TURB 的患者比暴露于 1 次 TURB 的患者使用膀胱松弛药物的风险更高，HR = 4.01 [3.33; 4.83]，膀胱炎风险较高，HR = 2.27 [2.05； 2.51]。与未接触过 BCG 的患者相比，接触过 BCG 的患者使用膀胱松弛药物的风险较高，HR = 1.92 [1.69; 2.18]，并且膀胱炎的风险较高，HR = 1.39 [1.31； 1.48]。重复 TURB 对膀胱功能的影响最大。辅助滴注治疗也与膀胱相关药物的使用有关。

Repeated transurethral bladder resections (TURBs) and instillation treatments in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) might influence bladder function and, therefore, quality of life. Bladder-related medication is a surrogate marker of compromised bladder function. The objective was to investigate whether TURBs and adjuvant instillation therapy are associated with the use of anticholinergics, β3-agonists, and cystitis-relevant antibiotics. We divided all Danish patients diagnosed with primary NMIBC during 2002-2017 registered in the Danish National Patient Registry (DNPR) based on TURB-load within the first five years from diagnosis (1 TURB, 2-4 TURBs, ≥5 TURBs). Instillation therapy with either mitomycin C (MMC) or bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine (BCG) was independent exposure (yes or no). We included 17,774 patients; 76% men, median age: 70 years (IQR: 63, 77). Patients exposed to ≥5 TURBs had a higher risk of using bladder-relaxing medication than patients exposed to 1 TURB, HR = 4.01 [3.33; 4.83], and higher risk of cystitis, HR = 2.27 [2.05; 2.51]. BCG-exposed patients had a higher risk of bladder-relaxing medication use compared to non-exposed, HR = 1.92 [1.69; 2.18], and a higher risk of cystitis, HR = 1.39 [1.31; 1.48]. Repeated TURBs have the highest impact on bladder function. Adjuvant instillation therapy is also associated with the use of bladder-related medication.