每年 1000 万癌症相关死亡中大部分是由转移性疾病引起的。癌症的存活率很大程度上取决于癌症的类型及其检测时的阶段。由于缺乏可靠的生物标志物和具有成本效益的筛查方法，早期检测仍然是一个挑战。噬菌体生物传感器可以提供使用非侵入性液体活检进行早期检测的解决方案。在这里，我们报告了双功能噬菌体生物传感器从尿液中检测转移性泌尿癌的第一个结果。使用染料敏化噬菌体文库来选择与转移相关的噬菌体结合物。经过几轮筛选后，最有希望的噬菌体候选者被用来将转移性癌症与对照进行分类。此外，我们应用一种化学传感器（吩恶嗪非荧光染料）来对尿液中的癌症进行分类。在转移性癌症和非转移性癌症之间观察到统计学显着性（p = 0.0002），敏感性为 70%，特异性为 79%。此外，化学传感器在检测癌症方面表现出重要意义（p < 0.0001），灵敏度为 71%，特异性为 75%。我们的数据表明尿液生物标志物研究有一个新的有前景的领域，并且正在对前瞻性收集的样本进行进一步评估。总之，我们首次报告了基于化学和噬菌体的生物传感器方法利用尿液检测转移性癌症的潜力。

Most of the annual 10 million cancer-related deaths are caused by metastatic disease. Survival rates for cancer are strongly dependent on the type of cancer and its stage at detection. Early detection remains a challenge due to the lack of reliable biomarkers and cost-efficient screening methods. Phage biosensors can offer a solution for early detection using non-invasive liquid biopsies. Here, we report the first results of the bifunctional phage biosensor to detect metastatic urological cancers from urine. A dye-sensitized phage library was used to select metastasis-related phage binders. After selection rounds, the most promising phage candidate was used to classify metastatic cancer from controls. Additionally, we applied one chemical sensor (phenoxazine non-fluorescent dye) to classify cancer from urine. A statistical significance (p = 0.0002) was observed between metastatic and non-metastatic cancer, with sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 79%. Furthermore, the chemical sensor demonstrated significance in detecting cancer (p < 0.0001) with a sensitivity of 71% and a specificity of 75%. Our data suggest a new promising field for urine biomarker research, and further evaluation with prospectively collected samples is ongoing. In conclusion, we report, for the first time, the potential of a chemical- and phage-based biosensor method to detect metastatic cancer using urine.