器官芯片技术作为药物筛选和测试的重要平台，正在吸引各个领域越来越多的兴趣，并将在精准医学研究中发挥重要作用。淋巴结是结构复杂的器官，对于人体对抗原和外来颗粒的适应性免疫反应至关重要，对于评估新型药物的免疫毒性至关重要。淋巴系统结构和功能的研究取得了重大进展。然而，仍迫切需要开发前瞻性工具和技术来深入研究其在各种疾病病理和生理过程中的作用，并开发相应的免疫治疗疗法。器官芯片可以准确再现淋巴结内的特定功能区域，更好地模拟淋巴结复杂的微观结构以及不同免疫细胞之间的相互作用，便于研究特定的生物过程。本文回顾了现有的淋巴结芯片及其设计方法。它讨论了上述系统在免疫细胞运动建模、细胞间相互作用、疫苗反应、药物测试和癌症研究中的应用。最后，我们总结了当前研究在淋巴结的结构、细胞来源、细胞外基质模拟等方面面临的挑战，并对集成免疫系统芯片的未来方向进行了展望。

Organ-on-a-chip technology is attracting growing interest across various domains as a crucial platform for drug screening and testing and is set to play a significant role in precision medicine research. Lymph nodes, being intricately structured organs essential for the body's adaptive immune responses to antigens and foreign particles, are pivotal in assessing the immunotoxicity of novel pharmaceuticals. Significant progress has been made in research on the structure and function of the lymphatic system. However, there is still an urgent need to develop prospective tools and techniques to delve deeper into its role in various diseases' pathological and physiological processes and to develop corresponding immunotherapeutic therapies. Organ chips can accurately reproduce the specific functional areas in lymph nodes to better simulate the complex microstructure of lymph nodes and the interactions between different immune cells, which is convenient for studying specific biological processes. This paper reviews existing lymph node chips and their design approaches. It discusses the applications of the above systems in modeling immune cell motility, cell-cell interactions, vaccine responses, drug testing, and cancer research. Finally, we summarize the challenges that current research faces in terms of structure, cell source, and extracellular matrix simulation of lymph nodes, and we provide an outlook on the future direction of integrated immune system chips.