肺结节是临床上常见的疾病。导航支气管镜和成像方式的技术进步导致从结节筛查或随访到早期肺癌检测的范式转变。这是由于通过导航平台和成像工具的组合方式改进了结节定位和活检确认。为了撰写本文，通过 PubMed 回顾了 2014 年 1 月至 2024 年 1 月的相关文献。本文重点介绍了不同成像方式与常用导航平台相结合诊断周围肺结节的文献。将讨论成像方式的当前局限性和未来前景。导航平台的发展改进了目标的定位。然而，与经皮引导活检相比，已发表的诊断率仍然较低。术中肺结节的实际位置与术前胸部CT的不一致是影响活检准确的主要因素。事实证明，利用先进的成像工具和基于导航的支气管镜检查有助于实时定位目标并提高活检的成功率。然而，对于介入支气管镜医师来说，了解这些先进成像技术的优点和局限性非常重要。

Lung nodules are commonly encountered in clinical practice. Technological advances in navigational bronchoscopy and imaging modalities have led to paradigm shift from nodule screening or follow up to early lung cancer detection. This is due to improved nodule localization and biopsy confirmation with combined modalities of navigational platforms and imaging tools. To conduct this article, relevant literature was reviewed via PubMed from January 2014 until January 2024.This article highlights the literature on different imaging modalities combined with commonly used navigational platforms for diagnosis of peripheral lung nodules. Current limitations and future perspectives of imaging modalities will be discussed.The development of navigational platforms improved localization of targets. However, published diagnostic yield remains lower compared to percutaneous-guided biopsy. The discordance between the actual location of lung nodule during the procedure and preprocedural CT chest is the main factor impacting accurate biopsies. The utilization of advanced imaging tools with navigation-based bronchoscopy has been shown to assist with localizing targets in real-time and improving biopsy success. However, it is important for interventional bronchoscopists to understand the strengths and limitations of these advanced imaging technologies.