近年来，天然产物作为癌症治疗潜在药物的探索引起了人们的广泛关注。在这篇综合综述中，我们深入研究了各种天然化合物，包括生物碱、碳水化合物、类黄酮、木酚素、聚酮化合物、皂苷、单宁和萜类化合物，强调了它们在癌症治疗中的新兴作用。这些化合物源自各种植物来源，具有广泛的作用机制，针对癌症进展中涉及的关键途径，如细胞增殖、细胞凋亡、血管生成和转移。通过对临床前和临床研究的细致检查，我们深入了解这些天然产品对不同癌症类型的治疗潜力。此外，我们讨论了它们在癌症治疗中使用的优势和挑战，强调需要进一步研究以优化其功效、药代动力学和递送方法。总体而言，本综述强调了天然产品在推进癌症治疗方面的重要性，并为其临床应用的未来研究铺平了道路。© 2024。作者获得 Springer-Verlag GmbH 德国（Springer Nature 旗下公司）的独家许可。

The exploration of natural products as potential agents for cancer treatment has garnered significant attention in recent years. In this comprehensive review, we delve into the diverse array of natural compounds, including alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, lignans, polyketides, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids, highlighting their emerging roles in cancer therapy. These compounds, derived from various botanical sources, exhibit a wide range of mechanisms of action, targeting critical pathways involved in cancer progression such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Through a meticulous examination of preclinical and clinical studies, we provide insights into the therapeutic potential of these natural products across different cancer types. Furthermore, we discuss the advantages and challenges associated with their use in cancer treatment, emphasizing the need for further research to optimize their efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and delivery methods. Overall, this review underscores the importance of natural products in advancing cancer therapeutics and paves the way for future investigations into their clinical applications.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.