墨西哥 Coccoloba uvifera 果实含有多酚、类黄酮和花青素，而叶子中的羽扇豆醇、α-香树脂醇和 β-香树脂醇先前已通过 HPLC 鉴定出。然而，五环三萜 (PT) 的 HPLC 分辨率较低是一个限制。此外，C. uvifera 果实的挥发性特征仍然未知。因此，本研究旨在通过 CG-MS 分析鉴定 C. uvifera 叶和果实提取物中的 PT，并通过顶空固相微萃取确定 C. uvifera 果肉的挥发性特征。结果显示标准羽扇豆醇、α-香树脂素和β-香树脂素均得到三甲基甲硅烷基化化合物，表明甲硅烷基化反应是合适的。这些三甲基硅烷化化合物在叶子和水果提取物中被鉴定出来。水果挥发物分析显示存在 278 种酯、20 种萜烯、9 种醛、5 种醇和 4 种酮。该果实显示出高含量的酯和萜烯。由于其风味特性，酯对于食品、化妆品和制药行业至关重要。此外，果实中的萜烯，如薄荷酮、β-榄香烯、杜松烯和β-石竹烯，具有作为抗癌剂和植物病原体剂的潜力。结果表明，GC-MS 是鉴定 PT 的 HPLC 方法的替代方法。此外，鉴定果实中的挥发性化合物将增加该植物的价值并扩大其应用。鉴定墨西哥 C. uvifera 中的 PT 和挥发性化合物有助于更好地了解该植物的潜在益处。这将增加墨西哥新鲜 C. uvifera 的消费量或作为营养保健品或药品中的功能性成分的消费量。© 2024。作者获得 Springer Science Business Media, LLC（Springer Nature 旗下公司）的独家许可。

Mexican Coccoloba uvifera fruit contains polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, while in the leaves, lupeol, α- and β-amyrin have been previously identified by HPLC. However, the low resolution by HPLC of pentacyclic triterpenes (PTs) is a limitation. Moreover, the volatile profile of C. uvifera fruit is still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to identify PTs in C. uvifera leaf and fruit extracts by CG-MS analysis and to determine the volatile profile of C. uvifera pulp by headspace solid-phase microextraction. The results showed trimethylsilylated compounds of standards lupeol, α- and β-amyrin, indicating that the silylation reaction was suitable. These trimethylsilylated compounds were identified in leaf and fruit extracts. The fruit volatile profile revealed the presence of 278 esters, 20 terpenes, 9 aldehydes, 5 alcohols, and 4 ketones. The fruit showed a high content of esters and terpenes. Due to their flavour properties, esters are essential for the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutics industries. Moreover, terpenes in the fruit, such as menthone, β-elemene, junipene, and β-caryophyllene have the potential as anticancer and phytopathogen agents. The results indicated that GC-MS is an alternative to HPLC approaches for identifying PTs. Besides, identifying volatile compounds in the fruit will increase the value of this plant and expand its application. Identifying PTs and volatile compounds in Mexican C. uvifera leads to a better understanding of the potential benefits of this plant. This would increase the consumption of Mexican C. uvifera fresh or as functional ingredients in nutraceutical or pharmaceutical products.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.