癌症光疗引入了一种新的潜在肿瘤抑制方式。然而，由于缺乏光敏剂的靶向递送，光疗的功效受到限制。因此，生物相容性和多功能纳米粒子在光疗中的应用受到赞赏。作为阳离子聚合物的壳聚糖 (CS) 和作为 CD44 靶向剂的透明质酸 (HA) 是纳米颗粒合成和功能化中广泛使用的两种聚合物。目前的综述重点关注HA和CS纳米结构在癌症光疗中的应用。这些纳米载体可用于光疗以诱导高热和单线态氧产生以消融肿瘤。 CS和HA可用于合成纳米结构，或者它们可以功能化用于光疗的其他种类的纳米结构，例如金纳米棒。 HA和CS纳米结构可以将化疗或免疫疗法与光疗结合起来以增强肿瘤抑制。此外，CS纳米结构可以用HA进行功能化，用于特定的癌症光疗。 CS和HA纳米结构促进细胞对基因和光敏剂的摄取，以促进基因治疗和光疗。这种纳米结构专门刺激肿瘤部位的光疗，并对正常细胞产生颗粒毒性影响。此外，CS 和 HA 纳米结构表现出高生物相容性，适合进一步的临床应用。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。

Cancer phototherapy has introduced a new potential modality for tumor suppression. However, the efficacy of phototherapy has been limited due to a lack of targeted delivery of photosensitizers. Therefore, the application of biocompatible and multifunctional nanoparticles in phototherapy is appreciated. Chitosan (CS) as a cationic polymer and hyaluronic acid (HA) as a CD44-targeting agent are two widely utilized polymers in nanoparticle synthesis and functionalization. The current review focuses on the application of HA and CS nanostructures in cancer phototherapy. These nanocarriers can be used in phototherapy to induce hyperthermia and singlet oxygen generation for tumor ablation. CS and HA can be used for the synthesis of nanostructures, or they can functionalize other kinds of nanostructures used for phototherapy, such as gold nanorods. The HA and CS nanostructures can combine chemotherapy or immunotherapy with phototherapy to augment tumor suppression. Moreover, the CS nanostructures can be functionalized with HA for specific cancer phototherapy. The CS and HA nanostructures promote the cellular uptake of genes and photosensitizers to facilitate gene therapy and phototherapy. Such nanostructures specifically stimulate phototherapy at the tumor site, with particle toxic impacts on normal cells. Moreover, CS and HA nanostructures demonstrate high biocompatibility for further clinical applications.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.