幽门螺杆菌是慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡、粘膜相关淋巴组织（MALT）淋巴瘤和胃癌等胃肠道疾病的主要原因。据估计，世界上大约一半的人口感染了这种病原体，其中不发达国家的感染率最高。基因 cagA、cagM、vacA 和 oipA 是幽门螺杆菌一些最重要的毒力因子；然而，Recife-PE 最近没有研究证明其发生频率及其与严重胃改变的关系。本工作旨在利用定性 PCR 检测累西腓 (PE) 公立医院患者分离的幽门螺杆菌中的毒力基因 cagA、cagM、vacA 和 oipA。我们从 147 名患者的胃体和胃窦中采集了样本，其中 71 名患者（48%）幽门螺杆菌检测呈阳性。阳性样本中，最常感染的性别为女性（44/71，62%），最常感染的年龄组为46岁以上人群（31/71，44%）。幽门螺杆菌阳性样本的组织学检查揭示了慢性胃炎以外的改变，包括化生和萎缩。在测试样本中，cagA、cagM 和 oipA 基因的频率分别为 84%、56% 和 69%，以及 vacA-s1m1 等位基因组合 (77%)。然而，这些基因的出现没有统计学上显着的变化，因此在我们的环境中它们不能被视为严重程度的独特标记。使用更大样本的新研究和对其他遗传标记的调查可以帮助发现当地的风险因素，并更好地了解幽门螺杆菌的发病机制。© 2024。作者获得 Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia 的独家许可。

Helicobacter pylori is a major cause of gastrointestinal disorders such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and gastric cancer. It is estimated that around half of the world's population is infected with this pathogen, with underdeveloped countries reporting the highest frequencies. The genes cagA, cagM, vacA, and oipA are some of the most important virulence factors of H. pylori; however, there are no recent studies from Recife-PE demonstrating their frequency, and their relationship with severe gastric modifications. This work aims to use qualitative PCR to detect the virulence genes cagA, cagM, vacA, and oipA in H. pylori isolates obtained from patients in a public hospital in Recife (PE). We collected samples from the stomach's body and antrum of 147 patients, from which 71 (48%) tested positive for H. pylori. Among positive samples, the most frequently infected gender was female (44/71, 62%), and the most frequently infected age group was those above the age of 46 (31/71, 44%). Histological examination of H. pylori-positive samples revealed alterations other than chronic gastritis, including metaplasia and atrophy. The frequency of cagA, cagM, and oipA genes were identified in 84%, 56%, and 69% of the samples tested, respectively, as well as the vacA-s1m1 allelic combination (77%). However, there was no statistically significant variation in the occurrence of these genes, therefore they cannot be considered unique markers of severity in our setting. New research with larger samples and investigations of other genetic markers can aid uncover local risk factors and lead to a better understanding of H. pylori's pathogenesis.© 2024. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia.