感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 (SARS-CoV-2) 的人患自身免疫性炎症性风湿病的风险较高。然而，临床研究表明，与细菌感染不同，炎症性类风湿性关节炎很少由病毒感染引发。一般来说，成年女性类风湿性关节炎的发病率高于男性（女性/男性比例约为3:1）。据推测，女性荷尔蒙的分泌与类风湿性关节炎的发病密切相关。此外，遗传因素在类风湿性关节炎中具有明确的作用。通常，类风湿性关节炎采用类固醇和抗体药物治疗，例如抗肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）抗体和抗白细胞介素-6（IL-6）抗体；然而，尽管这些药物可以缓解自身免疫性疾病的症状，但根本的病理并不能完全治愈。同时，类固醇免疫抑制治疗可有效对抗与冠状病毒病（COVID-19）相关的炎性类风湿性关节炎。因此，与COVID-19相关的炎症性类风湿性关节炎的发病机制、症状和病理结果可能与自身免疫性类风湿性关节炎不同。由于与COVID-19相关的自身免疫样疾病，例如与COVID-19相关的炎症性类风湿性关节炎，其病理状况与遗传性自身免疫性疾病不同，因此有可能建立旨在缓解的治疗方法。对 COVID-19 后炎症性类风湿性关节炎患者的进一步病理分析对于开发此类关节炎的治疗方法至关重要。

People infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) are at a higher risk of developing autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic disease. However, clinical studies have shown that, unlike bacterial infections, inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis is rarely triggered by viral infections. Generally, adult females have a higher incidence of rheumatoid arthritis compared to males (a female/male ratio of approximately 3:1). The secretion of female hormones is presumed to be deeply involved in the onset of rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, there is a definitive role of genetic factors in rheumatoid arthritis. Typically, rheumatoid arthritis is treated with steroids and antibody drugs, such as anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) antibodies and anti-interleukin-6 (IL-6) antibodies; however, although the symptoms of autoimmune diseases are alleviated by these drugs, the underlying pathology cannot be completely cured. Meanwhile, immunosuppressive treatment with steroids is effective against inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis associated with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Therefore, the pathogenesis, symptoms, and pathological findings of inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis associated with COVID-19 are presumably different from those of autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis. Since COVID-19-related autoimmune-like diseases, such as COVID-19-related inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis, have pathological conditions that are different from inherited autoimmune diseases, it is possible to establish treatments that aim at remission. Further pathological analyses of patients with post-COVID-19 inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis are essential to the development of treatments for this type of arthritis.