癌症扫盲作为一种潜在的健康干预工具直接影响癌症预防和治疗举措的成功。本研究旨在评估中国东北地区的癌症知晓率，并探讨导致城乡差异的因素。2021年8月至10月，采用多阶段概率比例法在中国辽宁省14个城市进行了横断面调查。采用尺寸抽样（PPS）方法。该调查由 4,325 名 15-69 岁的参与者组成，涵盖五个维度的 37 个核心知识问题。使用卡方检验和多元逻辑回归模型评估社会人口因素与癌症识字率之间的关联。总体癌症识字率为66.9%（95% CI：65.6-68.2%）。主要指标中，癌症素养在治疗阶段（75.8，95% CI：74.2-77.4%）和早期发现（68.2，95% CI：66.8-69.6%）最高，其次是基础知识（67.2，95% CI：67.2，95% CI： 65.8-68.6%）、恢复（62.6，95% CI：60.7-64.5%）和预防（59.7，95% CI：58.2-61.3%）。次要指标方面，癌症相关危险因素（54.7，95% CI：52.8-56.5%）和癌症早期诊断（54.6，95% CI：52.7-56.6%）的知晓率明显不足。与城市相比，农村参与者在各个方面的癌症素养都较低。多因素分析表明，高龄、受教育程度低或家庭收入低等因素是农村地区健康素养的障碍。加强预防和早期发现意识，特别是重点人群的预防和早期发现意识，缩小城乡癌症素养差距。实现“健康中国 2030”目标的势在必行。版权所有 © 2024 Li、Ni、Zuo、Liu 和 Zhu。

Cancer literacy as a potential health intervention tool directly impacted the success of cancer prevention and treatment initiatives. This study aimed to evaluate the cancer literacy in Northeast China, and explore the factors contributing to urban-rural disparities.A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 14 cities across Liaoning Province, China, from August to October 2021, using the multistage probability proportional to size sampling (PPS) method. The survey comprised 4,325 participants aged 15-69 and encompassed 37 core knowledge-based questions spanning five dimensions. Associations between sociodemographic factors and the cancer literacy rate were evaluated using chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression model.The overall cancer literacy rate was 66.9% (95% CI: 65.6-68.2%). In the primary indicators, cancer literacy were highest in treatment (75.8, 95% CI: 74.2-77.4%) and early detection (68.2, 95% CI: 66.8-69.6%), followed by basic knowledge (67.2, 95% CI: 65.8-68.6%), recovery (62.6, 95% CI: 60.7-64.5%) and prevention (59.7, 95% CI: 58.2-61.3%). Regarding secondary indicators, the awareness rates regarding cancer-related risk factors (54.7, 95% CI: 52.8-56.5%) and early diagnosis of cancer (54.6, 95% CI: 52.7-56.6%) were notably inadequate. Rural participates exhibited lower cancer literacy across all dimensions compared to urban. Multi-factor analysis showed that factors such as advanced age, limited education or low household income were barriers to health literacy in rural areas.Strengthening awareness concerning prevention and early detection, particularly among key populations, and bridging the urban-rural cancer literacy gap are imperative steps toward achieving the Healthy China 2030 target.Copyright © 2024 Li, Ni, Zuo, Liu and Zhu.