铁死亡是一种铁介导的调节性细胞死亡模式，其特征是氧化损伤。其分子调节机制与铁代谢、脂质过氧化、谷胱甘肽代谢有关。此外，一些免疫信号通路，如干扰素基因轴的环化GMP-AMP合酶刺激剂、Janus激酶信号转导器和转录1轴激活剂、转化生长因子β1-Smad3轴等也可能参与铁死亡的调节。 。研究表明，铁死亡与癌症、神经退行性疾病、炎症性疾病、自身免疫性疾病等多种疾病密切相关。考虑到铁死亡调节信号在多种疾病发病机制中的关键作用，铁死亡诱导剂或抑制剂的开发可能对治疗上述病症具有重要的临床潜力。

Ferroptosis is an iron-mediated regulatory cell death pattern characterized by oxidative damage. The molecular regulating mechanisms are related to iron metabolism, lipid peroxidation, and glutathione metabolism. Additionally, some immunological signaling pathways, such as the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator ofinterferon genes axis, Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 axis, and transforming growth factor beta 1-Smad3 axis may also participate in the regulation of ferroptosis. Studies have shown that ferroptosis is closely related to many diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases. Considering the pivotal role of ferroptosis-regulating signaling in the pathogenesis of diverse diseases, the development of ferroptosis inducers or inhibitors may have significant clinical potential for the treatment of the aforementioned conditions.