在过去的 20 年里，尊严和维护尊严的护理已成为许多医学领域的研究中心，包括姑息治疗、肿瘤学、神经病学、老年病学和精神病学。我们总结了同行评审的文献，并研究了尊严的定义、概念化、潜在问题和建议的干预措施。我们利用多个数据库（包括完整期刊文章中最相关的研究）进行了审查，调查了医学中的尊严问题。事实表明，尊严是一个多因素的构建，维护尊严的护理应成为卫生组织的核心。还应通过临床实践中现有的工具定期评估尊严。在尊严干预中，除了尊严护理模式之外，尊严干预，例如尊严治疗（DT）、生活回顾和回忆疗法，在维持外在（当医疗保健专业人员尊重患者、满足身体和心理需求时得以保留）方面发挥着作用。情感需求，尊重患者的意愿，并努力维护隐私和保密）和内在尊严（当患者有适当的自尊，能够行使自主权并有希望和意义时保留）。不同医疗背景下的统一趋势凸显了在医疗保健环境中采取以患者为中心的整体方法的必要性。损害尊严的挑战普遍存在，凸显了解决这些问题的干预措施和系统努力的重要性。未来的研究和干预措施应优先考虑尊严的多方面性质，努力创造在所有医疗环境中培养同情心、尊重和尊严的医疗保健环境。© 2024。作者。

Over the last 20 years, dignity and dignity-conserving care have become the center of investigation, in many areas of medicine, including palliative care, oncology, neurology, geriatrics, and psychiatry. We summarized peer-reviewed literature and examined the definition, conceptualization of dignity, potential problems, and suggested interventions.We performed a review utilizing several databases, including the most relevant studies in full journal articles, investigating the problems of dignity in medicine. It emerged that dignity is a multifactorial construct and that dignity-preserving care should be at the center of the health organization. Dignity should be also regularly assessed through the tools currently available in clinical practice. Among dignity intervention, besides dignity models of care, dignity intervention, such as dignity therapy (DT), life review and reminiscence therapy, have a role in maintaining both the extrinsic (preserved when health care professionals treat the patient with respect, meeting physical and emotional needs, honors the patient's wishes, and makes attempts to maintain privacy and confidentiality) and intrinsic dignity (preserved when the patient has appropriate self-esteem, is able to exercise autonomy and has a sense of hope and meaning). Unified trends across diverse medical contexts highlight the need for a holistic, patient-centered approach in healthcare settings. Challenges compromising dignity are pervasive, underscoring the importance of interventions and systematic efforts to address these issues. Future research and interventions should prioritize the multifaceted nature of dignity, striving to create healthcare environments that foster compassion, respect, and dignity across all medical settings.© 2024. The Author(s).