本研究旨在阐明伊朗队列中 HLA-A、HLA-B 和 HLA-DRB1 等位基因之间的关联及其对 ALL 的相对风险贡献。本研究采用稳健的病例对照设计，涉及 71 名 ALL 患者和 71 名年龄和性别匹配的健康个体。使用先进的 PCR-SSP 技术对特定的 HLA 等位基因进行基因分型。我们的研究结果表明，与对照组相比，诊断为 ALL 的患者中 HLA-DRB1*04 等位基因的患病率显着增加（P<0.027）。相反，在患者群体中观察到等位基因 HLA-A*26 (P=0.025)、HLA-A*33 (P=0.020) 和 HLA-DRB1*03 (P=0.035) 的频率显着降低。我们的发现强调 HLA-DRB1*04 作为 ALL 易感性增加的潜在遗传标记，而 HLA-A*26、HLA-A*33 和 HLA-DRB1*03 作为保护因素出现。

This study seeks to elucidate the association between HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DRB1 alleles and their relative risk contributions to ALL within an Iranian cohort.Utilizing a robust case-control design, this research involved 71 ALL patients and 71 age and sex-matched healthy individuals. Genotyping of specified HLA alleles was performed using the advanced PCR-SSP technique.Our findings reveal a marked increase in the prevalence of the HLA-DRB1*04 allele among patients diagnosed with ALL compared to the control group (P<0.027). Conversely, the alleles HLA-A*26 (P=0.025), HLA-A*33 (P=0.020), and HLA-DRB1*03 (P=0.035) were observed at significantly reduced frequencies within the patient population.Our findings highlight HLA-DRB1*04 as a potential genetic marker for increased susceptibility to ALL, while HLA-A*26, HLA-A*33, and HLA-DRB1*03 emerge as protective factors.