在当前的研究中，我们的目标是设计一种由 ZnO 和 BSA 成分组成的单独的混合水飞蓟宾纳米递送系统，以研究其对人胰腺癌、乳腺癌、肺癌和结肠癌细胞系的抗氧化活性和凋亡潜力。合成了叶酸连接的 ZnO 修饰的牛血清白蛋白/水飞蓟宾纳米颗粒 (FZBS-NP)，并通过 FTIR、FESEM、DLS 和 zeta 电位分析进行表征。通过测量癌细胞（MCF-7、A549、HT-29 和 Panc）活力来评估 FZBS-NP 的细胞毒性。此外，通过进行多种分析来研究纳米颗粒的凋亡潜力，包括 AO/PI 和 DAPI 细胞染色分析、凋亡基因表达谱（BAX、BCL2 和 Caspase-8）制备以及 FITC 膜联蛋白 V/PI 流式细胞术。最后，利用两种抗氧化剂测定（ABTS 和 DPPH）来分析 FZBS-NPs 的抗氧化活性。随着 FZBS-NP 处理浓度的增加，152 nm FZBS-NP 通过增加 SubG1 细胞群，显着诱导 MCF-7、A549、HT-29、Panc 和 Huvec 癌细胞选择性凋亡。此外，FZBS-NPs 表现出强大的抗氧化活性。 FZBS-NPs 递送系统的 BSA 成分提高了纳米颗粒在癌细胞附近逐渐释放水飞蓟宾和 ZnO 的能力。另一方面，考虑到FZBS-NP强大的抗氧化活性，它们有可能选择性诱导人结肠癌细胞和乳腺癌细胞凋亡并保护正常细胞，这使其成为一种高效、安全的抗癌化合物。然而，为了验证 FZBS-NP 的抗癌效率，需要进一步测量癌症和正常细胞系的几种类型的凋亡基因表达。

In the current study, we aimed to design an individual hybrid silibinin nano-delivery system consisting of ZnO and BSA components to study its antioxidant activity and apoptotic potential on human pancreatic, breast, lung, and colon cancer cell lines. The folate-linked ZnO-decorated bovine serum albumin/silibinin nanoparticles (FZBS-NP) were synthesized and characterized by FTIR, FESEM, DLS, and zeta potential analysis. The FZBS-NP's cytotoxicity was evaluated by measuring the cancer cells' (MCF-7, A549, HT-29, and Panc) viability. Moreover, the apoptotic potential of the nanoparticles was studied by conducting several analyses including AO/PI and DAPI cell staining analysis, apoptotic gene expression profile (BAX, BCL2, and Caspase-8) preparation, and FITC Annexin V/PI flow cytometry. Finally, both antioxidant assays (ABTS and DPPH) were utilized to analyze the FZBS-NPs' antioxidant activities. The 152-nm FZBS-NP significantly induced the selective apoptotic death on the MCF-7, A549, HT-29, Panc, and Huvec cancer cells by increasing the SubG1 cell population following the increased treatment concentrations of FZBS-NP. Moreover, the FZBS-NPs exhibited powerful antioxidant activity. The BSA component of the FZBS-NPs delivery system improves the ability of the nanoparticles to gradually release silibinin and ZnO near the cancer cells. On the other hand, considering the powerful antioxidant activity of FZBS-NP, they have the potential to selectively induce apoptosis in human colon and breast cancer cells and protect normal types, which makes it an efficient safe anticancer compound. However, to verify the FZBS-NP anti-cancer efficiency further cancer and normal cell lines are required to measure several types of apoptotic gene expression.