尽管免疫疗法彻底改变了不同实体癌和血液癌的治疗，但由于对其引发的免疫反应缺乏了解，其对淋巴结外周 T 细胞淋巴瘤 (PTCL) 的疗效有限。为了全面表征 PTCL 的免疫肿瘤微环境 (TME)，我们对 11 个血管免疫母细胞 T 细胞淋巴瘤 (AITL)、7 个 PTCL、未另行指定 (PTCL、NOS) 淋巴结样本和 10 个非肿瘤样本进行了光谱流式细胞术分析控制样品。 PTCL TME 含有较大比例的调节性 T 细胞和耗尽的 CD8 T 细胞，并且可药物免疫检查点的表达丰富。有趣的是，大多数免疫细胞表面的 CD39 表达上调，对 43 名 AITL 患者的回顾性队列进行的多重免疫荧光分析表明，T 细胞高 CD39 表达与患者不良预后之间存在显着关联。总之，我们的研究揭示了淋巴结 PTCL 的复杂 TME，确定了可靶向的免疫检查点，并强调 CD39 作为一种新的预后因素。

Whereas immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment of different solid and hematological cancers, their efficacy in nodal peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) is limited, due to a lack of understanding of the immune response they trigger. To fully characterize the immune tumor microenvironment (TME) of PTCLs, we performed spectral flow cytometry analyses on 11 angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphomas (AITL), 7 PTCL, not otherwise specified (PTCL, NOS) lymph node samples, and 10 non-tumoral control samples. The PTCL TME contained a larger proportion of regulatory T cells and exhausted CD8+ T cells, with enriched expression of druggable immune checkpoints. Interestingly, CD39 expression was up-regulated at the surface of most immune cells, and a multi-immunofluorescence analyses on a retrospective cohort of 43 AITL patients demonstrated a significant association between high CD39 expression by T cells and poor patient prognosis. Together, our study unravels the complex TME of nodal PTCLs, identifies targetable immune checkpoints, and highlights CD39 as a novel prognostic factor.