宫颈癌（CC）是女性患者中第四常见的癌症。所有类型宫颈癌的主要原因是人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV)，预计 2018 年报告的病例为 57 万例。两种 HPV 毒株（16 和 18）占宫颈异常和癌前宫颈癌的 70%。 CC是印度30岁至69岁女性17%癌症相关死亡率的主要原因之一。目前批准的宫颈癌治疗方法的副作用可能会危及受该疾病影响的女性的生命。因此，益生菌在 CC 的治疗中可能极其重要。已经对益生菌及其在癌症诊断、预防和治疗中的应用潜力进行了大量研究。这篇综述描述了免疫系统的增强、阴道微生物群平衡的促进以及继发感染风险的降低，这些对身体具有抗炎作用。益生菌有可能减少炎症，从而对癌细胞的生长和转移产生不利影响。在抗生素治疗过程中，它们支持平衡的阴道微生物群。益生菌菌株可以灭活致癌病毒。对于绝经后女性，使用阴道益生菌有助于减轻更年期泌尿生殖综合症 (GSM) 引起的更年期症状。其他药物作为潜在药物可以增强其抗肿瘤作用，因为它们既可以促进有益细菌的生长，又可以减少潜在有害细菌的数量。肿瘤的发展和癌细胞的增殖可能间接受到微生物平衡恢复的影响。益生菌可能能够预防和治疗宫颈癌，因为它们似乎具有抗癌特性。为了确定具有抗癌特性的益生菌可以补充甚至可能取代传统的癌症治疗，需要进一步的研究，包括精心策划的临床试验。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier Ltd 出版。

Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer among female patients. The primary cause of all types of cervical cancer is human papillomavirus (HPV), which was projected to account for 5,70,000 reported cases in 2018. Two HPV strains (16 and 18) account for 70% of cervical abnormalities and precancerous cervical cancers. CC is one of the main causes of the 17% cancer-related death rate among Indian women between the ages of 30 and 69 is CC. The side effects of the currently approved treatments for cervical cancer could endanger the lives of women affected by the illness. Thus, probiotics may be extremely important in the management of CC. Numerous studies on probiotics and their potential for use in cancer diagnosis, prevention, and treatment have been conducted. This review describes the enhancement of the immune system, promotion of a balanced vaginal microbiome, and decreased risk of secondary infections, which have anti-inflammatory effects on the body. Probiotics have the potential to reduce inflammation, thereby adversely affecting cancer cell growth and metastasis. During the course of antibiotic therapy, they support a balanced vaginal microbiome. Oncogenic virus inactivation is possible with probiotic strains. In postmenopausal women, the use of vaginal probiotics helps lessen menopausal symptoms caused by Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM). The antitumor effects of other medications can be enhanced by them as potential agents, because they can both promote the growth of beneficial bacteria and reduce the quantity of potentially harmful bacteria. The development of tumors and the proliferation of cancer cells may be indirectly affected by the restoration of the microbial balance. Probiotics may be able to prevent and treat cervical cancer, as they seem to have anticancer properties. To identify probiotics with anticancer qualities that can supplement and possibly even replace traditional cancer treatments, further investigation is required, including carefully planned clinical trials.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.