前列腺癌 (PC) 是全球男性中第二常见的肿瘤；然而，除了年龄和家族史外，其病因在很大程度上仍不清楚。各国发病率/死亡率的巨大差异表明，环境暴露在一定程度上发挥着尚未阐明的作用。 评估 PC 风险（按临床特征）与住宅邻近污染物工业设施（按工业群体、群体）之间的关联致癌物和释放的特定污染物），在一项基于西班牙人口的癌症多病例对照研究（MCC-西班牙）的背景下进行。这项研究包括 1186 名对照者和 234 名 PC 病例，频率与年龄和居住省份相匹配。计算了参与者居住地与研究区域内 58 个行业的距离，并将其分为“近”（考虑≤1km 和≤3km 之间的不同限制）和“远”（>3km）。使用混合和多项逻辑回归模型估计优势比 (OR) 和 95% 置信区间 (95%CI)，并针对潜在的混杂因素和匹配变量进行调整。在整个行业附近没有检测到过度风险，OR 范围为 0.66 (≤ 2公里）至1.11（≤1公里）。然而，按工业组别，陶瓷（2.54；1.28-5.07）、食品/饮料（2.18；1.32-3.62）和处置/回收行业附近（≤3公里）发现正相关（OR；95%CI）动物粪便（2.67；1.12-6.37）；按具体污染物，靠近释放氟（4.65；≤1.5公里时1.45-14.91）和氯（5.21；≤1公里时1.56-17.35）的工厂。相比之下，在向空气中释放氨、甲烷、二恶英呋喃、多环芳烃、三氯乙烯和钒的工业附近检测到了负关联。结果表明，PC 风险与整个工业设施的邻近程度之间没有关联。然而，在某些排放特定污染物的工业集团和行业附近检测到了一些正相关和负相关。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。

Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most frequent tumor in men worldwide; however, its etiology remains largely unknown, with the exception of age and family history. The wide variability in incidence/mortality across countries suggests a certain role for environmental exposures that has not yet been clarified.To evaluate the association between risk of PC (by clinical profile) and residential proximity to pollutant industrial installations (by industrial groups, groups of carcinogens, and specific pollutants released), within the context of a Spanish population-based multicase-control study of incident cancer (MCC-Spain).This study included 1186 controls and 234 PC cases, frequency matched by age and province of residence. Distances from participants' residences to the 58 industries located in the study area were calculated and categorized into "near" (considering different limits between ≤1 km and ≤ 3 km) or "far" (>3 km). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (95%CIs) were estimated using mixed and multinomial logistic regression models, adjusted for potential confounders and matching variables.No excess risk was detected near the overall industries, with ORs ranging from 0.66 (≤2 km) to 1.11 (≤1 km). However, positive associations (OR; 95%CI) were found, by industrial group, near (≤3 km) industries of ceramic (2.54; 1.28-5.07), food/beverage (2.18; 1.32-3.62), and disposal/recycling of animal waste (2.67; 1.12-6.37); and, by specific pollutant, near plants releasing fluorine (4.65; 1.45-14.91 at ≤1.5 km) and chlorine (5.21; 1.56-17.35 at ≤1 km). In contrast, inverse associations were detected near industries releasing ammonia, methane, dioxins+furans, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, trichloroethylene, and vanadium to air.The results suggest no association between risk of PC and proximity to the overall industrial installations. However, some both positive and inverse associations were detected near certain industrial groups and industries emitting specific pollutants.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.