乳房整形术是一种常见的美容手术，包括隆胸和缩胸手术，已在全球流行。最近，人们的注意力已转向了解乳房整形术后胃肠道 (GI) 症状的患病率和重要性。本系统综述旨在整合现有文献，全面概述与各种乳房整形手术相关的胃肠道问题的类型和频率。截至 2024 年 1 月 22 日，对 PubMed 和 Scopus 数据库进行了系统检索，确定了检查胃肠道的观察性和介入性研究乳房整形术后的症状。纳入标准涵盖人类研究，而排除标准则确保特异性。两名独立研究者进行筛选，数据提取包括研究特征、手术程序、麻醉方法和干预措施。该评价纳入了 19 项研究，涉及 2,487 名受试者。乳房重建成为研究最多的手术，其次是乳房缩小术、隆胸术、乳房切除术和乳腺癌手术。主要的胃肠道症状包括恶心和呕吐，不同乳房成形术类型的发生率不同。麻醉方式影响症状，全身麻醉、局部麻醉和联合麻醉与胃肠道紊乱相关。止吐药，特别是昂丹司琼和氟哌利多，显示出不同的疗效。探索了非药物方法，例如术前催眠，用于症状管理。我们的系统回顾揭示了对乳房整形术后胃肠道症状的深入了解，强调恶心和呕吐等常见症状，以及便秘、口干等不太常见的症状、干呕、腹痛和紧绷感。不同的乳房整形手术、麻醉方法和止吐药的使用中，症状发生率存在差异，这凸显了乳房整形术后胃肠道紊乱的复杂性。

Mammoplasty, a common cosmetic procedure involving breast augmentation and reduction surgeries, has gained global popularity. Recently, attention has shifted towards understanding the prevalence and significance of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms following mammoplasty. This systematic review aims to consolidate existing literature to provide a comprehensive overview of the type and frequency of GI problems associated with various mammoplasty procedures.A systematic search of PubMed and Scopus databases was conducted until January 22, 2024, identifying observational and interventional studies examining GI symptoms post-mammoplasty. Inclusion criteria covered human studies, while exclusion criteria ensured specificity. Two independent investigators performed screening, and data extraction included study characteristics, surgical procedures, anesthesia methods, and interventions.Nineteen studies, involving 2,487 subjects, were included in the review. Breast reconstruction emerged as the most studied procedure, followed by breast reduction, augmentation, mastectomy, and breast cancer surgery. Predominant GI symptoms included nausea and vomiting, with varying rates across mammoplasty types. Anesthesia modality influenced symptomatology, with general, local, and combined anesthesia associated with GI disturbances. Antiemetics, notably ondansetron and droperidol, showed variable efficacy. Non-pharmacological approaches, such as preoperative hypnosis, were explored for symptom management.Our systematic review reveals insights into GI symptoms post-mammoplasty, emphasizing the common occurrence of symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, alongside less frequent manifestations such as constipation, dry mouth, retching, abdominal pain, and tightness. Variations in symptom prevalence were noted across diverse mammoplasty surgeries, anesthesia methods, and the use of antiemetics, underscoring the complex nature of post-mammoplasty GI disturbances.