本综述旨在阐明热带地区脑脓肿的病因。尽管全球各地区脑脓肿的病因相似，但热带地区表现出不同的特征，这在计算机断层扫描或磁共振成像中尤为明显。在热带气候下，导致个体发生脑脓肿的主要条件是源自鼻旁窦、牙科、口腔和鼻窦的多种微生物细菌感染。来源和中耳炎。然而，热带地区存在需要注意的独特病因，包括克氏锥虫（查加斯病）、独立生活的阿米巴原虫（如山魈）、类鼻疽伯克霍尔德杆菌（类鼻疽）感染、真菌（如马尔尼菲踝节菌）和结核分枝杆菌。鉴于包括肿瘤、炎症和脱髓鞘疾病在内的鉴别诊断，立体定向活检结合微生物学评估对于准确诊断仍然很有价值。在热带地区，当遇到占位性或其他类型的脑部病变时，脑脓肿是一个令人担忧的问题。脑脓肿的成功临床治疗通常结合手术干预和长期抗微生物治疗。然而，特定的寄生虫入侵，如恰加斯病、自由生活的阿米巴和溶组织内阿米巴，需要有针对性的抗寄生虫治疗。此外，国际政策努力应侧重于风险和疾病负担较高的资源有限地区的预防措施。

This review aims to elucidate the etiologies of brain abscesses in the tropics. Despite the similarities in causes of brain abscesses across global regions, tropical settings manifest distinguishing characteristics, prominently observed on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.In tropical climates, the leading conditions predisposing individuals to brain abscesses are polymicrobial bacterial infections originating from paranasal sinuses, dental sources, and otitis media. However, the tropics present unique etiologies to be aware of, including Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease), free-living amoebas like Balamuthia mandrillaris, infections from Burkholderia pseudomallei (melioidosis), fungi such as Talaromyces marneffei, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Given the differential diagnoses, which include neoplastic, inflammatory, and demyelinating diseases, a stereotactic biopsy coupled with a microbiological assessment remains valuable for accurate diagnosis.In tropical regions, brain abscesses are a concern when confronted with mass-occupying or other types of brain lesions. Successful clinical management of brain abscesses typically combines surgical intervention and extended anti-microbial treatment. However, specific parasitic invasions like Chagas disease, free-living amoebas, and Entamoeba histolytica necessitate targeted anti-parasitic therapies. Furthermore, international policy efforts should focus on prevention measures in resource limited regions with heightened risks and disease burden.