黄芩苷和黄芩素是首次从黄芩中报道的天然黄酮类化合物。近年来，这些有价值的黄酮类化合物因其具有良好的功效而受到关注。本文旨在对其药理作用进行全面综述。建立了Scopus、PubMed、ISI Web of Science等科学数据库的广泛检索。根据文献报道，这些化合物主要有效治疗神经系统和神经退行性疾病通过抗炎和抗氧化途径治疗肝脏和心血管疾病、代谢综合征和癌症。诱导细胞凋亡和自噬以及抑制迁移和转移是其细胞毒和抗肿瘤活性的主要机制。减少炎症、减少氧化应激、调节脂质代谢、减少纤维化、细胞凋亡和脂肪变性是其主要的保肝机制。抑制心脏纤维化的发展和减少炎症、氧化应激和细胞凋亡也是心脏保护活性的机制。减少炎症介质的积累、改善认知功能和抑郁样行为是神经系统和神经退行性活动的主要机制。研究结果表明黄芩苷和黄芩素的治疗潜力。然而，建议在不同的体外和体内模型中进行补充研究以研究其作用机制以及临床试验以评估其功效和安全性。

Baicalin and baicalein are natural flavonoids reported for the first time from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Recently, attention has been paid to these valuable flavonoids due to their promising effects. This paper aims to have a comprehensive review of their pharmacological effects.An extensive search through scientific databases including Scopus, PubMed, and ISI Web of Science was established.According to literature, these compounds have been mainly effective in the treatment of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, hepatic and cardiovascular disorders, metabolic syndrome, and cancers through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways. Induction of apoptosis and autophagy, and inhibition of migration and metastasis are the main mechanisms for their cytotoxic and antitumor activities. Decreasing inflammation, reducing oxidative stress, regulating the metabolism of lipids, and decreasing fibrosis, apoptosis, and steatosis are their main hepatoprotective mechanisms. Inhibiting the development of cardiac fibrosis and reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis are also the mechanisms suggested for cardioprotective activities. Decreasing the accumulation of inflammatory mediators and improving cognitive function and depressive-like behaviours are the main mechanisms for neurological and neurodegenerative activities.The findings suggest the therapeutic potential of baicalin and baicalein. However, complementary research in different in vitro and in vivo models to investigate their mechanisms of action as well as clinical trials to evaluate their efficacy and safety are suggested.