作为肿瘤坏死因子受体家族的一员，骨保护素（OPG）在成人的肺、心、肾、肝、脾、胸腺、前列腺、卵巢、小肠、甲状腺、淋巴结、气管、肾上腺中高表达。腺体、睾丸和骨髓。它与核因子-κB受体激活剂（RANK）和核因子-κB配体受体激活剂（RANKL）一起形成RANK/RANKL/OPG通路，在疾病发生发展的分子机制中发挥着重要作用。各种疾病。 MicroRNA（miRNA）是一类在真核生物中执行调节功能的内源性非编码RNA，大小约为20-25个核苷酸。 miRNA基因被RNA聚合酶转录成初级转录物，与RNA诱导的沉默复合物结合，通过互补碱基配对识别靶mRNA，单个miRNA能够靶向数百个mRNA，并通过参与的途径影响许多基因的表达。功能交互。近年来，人们通过miRNA分离、miRNA定量、miRNA谱分析、miRNA靶点检测、体内外miRNA水平调控等技术，探索miRNA在疾病中的作用机制。 。研究发现miRNA可以通过靶向OPG在骨质疏松、类风湿性关节炎等疾病的发病机制中发挥关键作用。本文旨在探讨miRNA与OPG在多种疾病中的相互作用，为研究OPG在疾病中的作用机制提出新思路。© 2024《四川大学学报（医学版）》编辑部版权所有©2024 四川大学学报（医学版）编辑部。

As a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family, osteoprotegerin (OPG) is highly expressed in adults in the lung, heart, kidney, liver, spleen, thymus, prostate, ovary, small intestines, thyroid gland, lymph nodes, trachea, adrenal gland, the testis, and bone marrow. Together with the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) and the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), it forms the RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway, which plays an important role in the molecular mechanism of the development of various diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs performing regulatory functions in eukaryotes, with a size of about 20-25 nucleotides. miRNA genes are transcribed into primary transcripts by RNA polymerase, bind to RNA-induced silencing complexes, identify target mRNAs through complementary base pairing, with a single miRNA being capable of targeting hundreds of mRNAs, and influence the expression of many genes through pathways involved in functional interactions. In recent years, a large number of studies have been done to explore the mechanism of action of miRNA in diseases through miRNA isolation, miRNA quantification, miRNA spectrum analysis, miRNA target detection, in vitro and in vivo regulation of miRNA levels, and other technologies. It was found that miRNA can play a key role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and other diseases by targeting OPG. The purpose of this review is to explore the interaction between miRNA and OPG in various diseases, and to propose new ideas for studying the mechanism of action of OPG in diseases.© 2024《四川大学学报（医学版）》编辑部 版权所有Copyright ©2024 Editorial Office of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences).