癌症的早期诊断对于有效治疗和改善预后至关重要。肿瘤生物标志物可用于癌症的早期诊断、治疗和预后评估，近年来已成为研究热点。核酸作为一类肿瘤生物标志物，含有重要的遗传信息，对于癌症的发生、发展具有重要意义。目前，能够对核酸进行原位成像和动态监测的活细胞核酸探针已成为一个快速发展的领域。本综述重点关注可用于肿瘤早期诊断的活细胞核酸探针。我们用三个单元描述了探针的基本设计，并重点关注不同纳米材料在探针输送中的作用。© 2024 沉阳药科大学。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版

The early diagnosis of cancer is vital for effective treatment and improved prognosis. Tumor biomarkers, which can be used for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of cancer, have emerged as a topic of intense research interest in recent years. Nucleic acid, as a type of tumor biomarker, contains vital genetic information, which is of great significance for the occurrence and development of cancer. Currently, living cell nucleic acid probes, which enable the in situ imaging and dynamic monitoring of nucleic acids, have become a rapidly developing field. This review focuses on living cell nucleic acid probes that can be used for the early diagnosis of tumors. We describe the fundamental design of the probe in terms of three units and focus on the roles of different nanomaterials in probe delivery.© 2024 Shenyang Pharmaceutical University. Published by Elsevier B.V.