与乳房 X 线摄影相比，评估非对比增强和对比增强螺旋乳腺计算机断层扫描 ([non]-CE-SBCT) 的可检测性。次要目标是根据乳腺密度确定可检测性，并根据 BI-RADS 描述符评估乳腺恶性肿瘤的外观。这项机构审查委员会批准的回顾性研究纳入了 90 名女性，她们患有 105 个活检证实的恶性乳腺病变。乳腺密度、BI-RADS 描述符和可检测性由 2 名独立读者进行评估。诊断置信度采用 4 点李克特量表进行评级。 对于读者 1 和 2，乳房 X 光检查的可检测性分别为 83.8% 和 80.0%，CE-SBCT 的可检测性分别为 99.1% 和 99.1%（P < 0.05），对于读者 1 和 2 的可检测性分别为 66.7% 和 61.9%。非CE-SBCT（P < 0.05）。对于这两种阅读器，CE-SBCT 中密度 A/B/C/D 的可检测性较高（均为 100%/100%/100%/87.5%）。随着乳房 X 线摄影（密度 A = 100%、B = 89.1% 和 95.1%、C = 73.1%、D = 50.0% 和 71.4%；P < 0.05）和非 CE-SBCT（密度A = 87.5% 和 90.7%，B = 65.5% 和 69.1%，C = 54.8% 和 60.0%，D = 37.5%；P < 0.05）。 CT 检测到肿块病变的频率与乳房 X 光检查一样频繁，而 SBCT 检测到结构扭曲和微钙化的频率较低。 CE-SBCT 的诊断置信度非常高或很高，为 97.2%，非 CE-SBCT 为 74.1%，乳房 X 光检查为 81.4%。无论乳腺密度如何，CE-SBCT 的可检测性和诊断置信度都非常高。非 CE-SBCT 的可检测性低于乳房 X 光检查，并随着乳房密度的增加而下降。版权所有 © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. 保留所有权利。

To evaluate the detectability of non-contrast-enhanced and contrast-enhanced spiral breast computed tomography ([non]-CE-SBCT) compared with mammography. Secondary objectives are to determine detectability depending on breast density and to evaluate appearance of breast malignancies according to BI-RADS descriptors.This retrospective institutional review board-approved study included 90 women with 105 biopsy-proven malignant breast lesions. Breast density, BI-RADS descriptors, and detectability were evaluated by 2 independent readers. Diagnostic confidence was rated on a 4-point Likert scale.For readers 1 and 2, detectability was 83.8% and 80.0% for mammography, 99.1% and 99.1% for CE-SBCT (P < 0.05), and 66.7% and 61.9% for non-CE-SBCT (P < 0.05). With both readers, detectability in CE-SBCT was high for density A/B/C/D (both 100%/100%/100%/87.5%). Detectability of readers declined with increasing density for mammography (density A = 100%, B = 89.1% and 95.1%, C = 73.1%, D = 50.0% and 71.4%; P < 0.05) and for non-CE-SBCT (density A = 87.5% and 90.7%, B = 65.5% and 69.1%, C = 54.8% and 60.0%, D = 37.5%; P < 0.05). Mass lesions were detected with CT as often as with mammography, whereas architectural distortions and microcalcifications were detected less often with SBCT. Diagnostic confidence was very high or high in 97.2% for CE-SBCT, in 74.1% for non-CE-SBCT, and in 81.4% for mammography.Detectability and diagnostic confidence were very high in CE-SBCT, regardless of breast density. The detectability of non-CE-SBCT was lower than that of mammography and declined with increasing breast density.Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.