猪屎豆（Crotalaria burhia，科：豆科）是一种重要的药用植物，广泛分布于世界干旱地区，包括巴基斯坦、印度和阿富汗。这种植物具有巨大的民族植物学价值，可用于治疗各种常见疾病，如肿胀、感染、癌症、恐水症、疼痛和皮肤病。此外，它还被用作山羊的食物、为动物建造棚屋以及作为合适的土壤粘合剂。这篇综述文章试图批判性地分析并提供有关 C. burhia 的最新和分类信息，包括植物学描述、传统/民间传说用途、植物化学、药理学/生物潜力的综合知识，并为未来的工作提供科学基础。对 C. burhia 的植物化学研究（定性和定量）表明存在重要的植物化学类别，即生物碱、类黄酮、糖苷、皂苷、酚类、单宁、类固醇和萜类化合物。据报道，该植物的不同部位具有抗炎/镇痛、抗氧化、抗微生物、抗肿瘤、抗伤害、酶抑制和杀白蚁活性等药理学研究。该植物的大部分生物测定都是针对粗提物进行的。除少数化合物外，有关植物化学物质（负责生物活性）的信息很少。未来可能需要纯化潜在的化合物并测试分离化合物的生物潜力。

Crotalaria burhia (Family: Fabaceae) is an important medicinal plant widely distributed in arid parts of the world, including Pakistan, India, and Afghanistan. This plant has enormous ethnobotanical values and is used to treat various common ailments such as swelling, infections, cancer, hydrophobia, pain and skin diseases. Moreover, it is also utilised as food for goats, to make sheds for animals and as a suitable soil binder. This review article is an attempt to analyse critically and to provide updated and categorised information about C. burhia including comprehensive knowledge of the botanical description, traditional/folklore uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological/biological potential, and to facilitate scientific basis for future work. The phytochemical studies (qualitative and quantitative) on C. burhia have indicated the presence of important phytochemical classes, namely alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, phenolics, tannins, steroids, and terpenoids. Pharmacological studies such as anti-inflammatory/analgesic, antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-tumour, anti-nociceptive, enzyme inhibition, and termiticidal activities were reported from different parts of this plant. Most of the bioassays from this plant have been done on the crude extract. Minimal information about the phytochemicals (responsible for biological activities), except a few compounds has been reported. The potential chemical compounds may need to be purified and tested for the biological potential from isolated compounds in future.