本研究旨在更好地描述美国退伍军人事务医疗保健系统中新发寡转移性激素敏感性前列腺癌 (omHSPC) 的流行病学、临床结果和当前治疗模式。在这项观察性回顾性队列研究中，400 名新发转移性前列腺癌患者随机选择2015年1月至2020年12月（随访至2021年12月）诊断的激素敏感性PC（mHSPC）患者。 omHSPC 被定义为通过常规成像检测的总转移灶数量为 5 个或更少（不包括肝脏）。 Kaplan-Meier 方法根据 mHSPC 诊断日期估计总生存期 (OS) 和无去势抵抗性前列腺癌 (CRPC) 生存期，并通过对数秩检验通过寡转移状态比较这些结果。 20%（400 人中的 79 人）为新生 mHSPC患者呈寡转移。大多数基线特征在寡转移状态方面相似；然而，非 omHSPC 男性在诊断时的前列腺特异性抗原中位数 (151.7) 高于 omHSPC (44.1)。一线 (1L) 新型激素治疗组间相似 (20%)； omHSPC (5%) 的 1L 化疗率低于非 omHSPC (14%)。与非 omHSPC (2%) 相比，更多 omHSPC 患者接受转移导向治疗/前列腺放射治疗 (14%)。 omHSPC 中的中位 OS 和无 CRPC 生存期（以月为单位）高于非 omHSPC（44.4；95% 置信区间 [CI]，33.9，未估计 vs. 26.2；95% CI，20.5-32.5，p = .0089和 27.6；95% CI，22.1-37.2 与 15.3；95% CI，12.8-17.9，p = .0049）。 大约 20% 的新生 mHSPC 为寡转移，并且 omHSPC 的 OS 明显更长omHSPC。尽管 omHSPC 中潜在“治愈”疗法的使用率高于非 omHSPC，但百分比仍然相对较低。鉴于包括全身治疗和局部治疗在内的多模式治疗具有延长缓解的潜力，未来的研究是有必要的。© 2024 美国癌症协会。

This study was conducted to better characterize the epidemiology, clinical outcomes, and current treatment patterns of de novo oligometastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (omHSPC) in the United States Veterans Affairs Health Care System.In this observational retrospective cohort study, 400 de novo metastatic hormone-sensitive PC (mHSPC) patients diagnosed from January 2015 to December 2020 (follow-up through December 2021) were randomly selected. omHSPC was defined as five or less total metastases (excluding liver) by conventional imaging. Kaplan-Meier methods estimated overall survival (OS) and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)-free survival from mHSPC diagnosis date and a log-rank test compared these outcomes by oligometastatic status.Twenty percent (79 of 400) of de novo mHSPC patients were oligometastatic. Most baseline characteristics were similar by oligometastatic status; however, men with non-omHSPC had higher median prostate-specific antigen at diagnosis (151.7) than omHSPC (44.1). First-line (1L) novel hormonal therapy was similar between groups (20%); 1L chemotherapy was lower in omHSPC (5%) versus non-omHSPC (14%). More omHSPC patients received metastasis-directed therapy/prostate radiation therapy (14%) versus non-omHSPC (2%). Median OS and CRPC-free survival (in months) were higher in omHSPC versus non-omHSPC (44.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 33.9-not estimated vs. 26.2; 95% CI, 20.5-32.5, p = .0089 and 27.6; 95% CI, 22.1-37.2 vs. 15.3; 95% CI, 12.8-17.9, p = .0049), respectively.Approximately 20% of de novo mHSPC were oligometastatic, and OS was significantly longer in omHSPC versus non-omHSPC. Although potentially "curative" therapy use was higher in omHSPC versus non-omHSPC, the percentages were still relatively low. Future studies are warranted given potential for prolonged responses with multimodal therapy inclusive of systemic and local therapies.© 2024 American Cancer Society.