脂质具有作为细胞膜的结构成分、有效的能量储存分子和信号传导介质前体的重要功能。虽然癌症中葡萄糖和氨基酸代谢失调已受到广泛关注，但脂质在癌细胞代谢重编程中的作用尚不清楚。然而，自从大约 70 年前首次描述癌症组织中的脂肪酸从头生物合成以来，大量研究调查了癌症中脂质代谢改变的复杂功能。在这里，我们将总结致癌信号通路调节脂肪酸和胆固醇代谢以驱动快速增殖并保护癌细胞免受环境压力的机制。该综述还讨论了脂肪酸代谢在适应癌症进展过程中不断变化的微环境所需的代谢可塑性中的作用，以及脂肪酸和胆固醇代谢与铁死亡之间的联系。版权所有 © 2024 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press；版权所有。

Lipids have essential functions as structural components of cellular membranes, as efficient energy storage molecules, and as precursors of signaling mediators. While deregulated glucose and amino acid metabolism in cancer have received substantial attention, the roles of lipids in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells are less well understood. However, since the first description of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis in cancer tissues almost 70 years ago, numerous studies have investigated the complex functions of altered lipid metabolism in cancer. Here, we will summarize the mechanisms by which oncogenic signaling pathways regulate fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism to drive rapid proliferation and protect cancer cells from environmental stress. The review also discusses the role of fatty acid metabolism in metabolic plasticity required for the adaptation to changing microenvironments during cancer progression and the connections between fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism and ferroptosis.Copyright © 2024 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; all rights reserved.