骨髓活检是血液病理诊断的重要手段之一，对各种良恶性淋巴造血系统疾病具有决定性的诊断意义。其诊断价值包括形态学观察、免疫组织化学、遗传学和分子生物学检测。由于骨髓活检的独特性，脱钙是预处理过程中必不可少的步骤。其目的是去除骨组织中的钙，保留完整的胶原纤维成分，便于组织切片，并防止染色过程中组织脱离。如果骨髓活检缺乏足够的脱钙，则很难准备切片。相反，如果脱钙过度，会严重破坏组织抗原活性。因此，脱钙效率高、抗原损伤轻的脱钙方法对于骨髓活检至关重要。本文介绍一种效率高、抗原损失少的骨髓活检组织脱钙方法：室温下用12%甲酸和8%盐酸脱钙液在摇床上进行脱钙。

Bone marrow biopsy is one of the important means of hematopathological diagnosis, which has decisive diagnostic significance for various benign and malignant lymphohematopoietic system diseases. Its diagnostic value includes morphological observation, immunohistochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology testing. Owing to the unique nature of bone marrow biopsy, decalcification is an essential step in the pre-treatment process. Its purpose is to remove calcium from bone tissue, preserve intact collagen fiber components, facilitate tissue sectioning, and prevent tissue detachment during staining. If bone marrow biopsy lacks sufficient decalcification, preparing a section is difficult. Conversely, if decalcification is excessive, it can seriously disrupt tissue antigen activity. Therefore, a decalcification method with high decalcification efficiency and mild antigen damage is essential for bone marrow biopsy. This article introduces a bone marrow biopsy tissue decalcification method with high efficiency and less antigen loss: decalcification is performed at room temperature with 12% formic acid and 8% hydrochloric acid decalcification solution on a shaker.